Periodical Examination Flashcards
is (senseid) an answer or reply, or something in the nature of an answer or reply
Response
is critical assessment on information produced.
Feedback
were print - magazines, journals, and newspapers - and their collective was already in place: publications. Soon after, radio and television were added to the mix. However, the term “publications” would not stretch to fit. Needing a term that would encompass all these means of communication, writers borrowed the term ‘media” from advertising people, and used it since then to accommodate there means of communication and even the newer ones, such as the internet. (Turow 2009)
Mass communication
were print - magazines, journals, and newspapers - and their collective was already in place: publications. Soon after, radio and television were added to the mix. However, the term “publications” would not stretch to fit. Needing a term that would encompass all these means of communication, writers borrowed the term ‘media” from advertising people, and used it since then to accommodate there means of communication and even the newer ones, such as the internet. (Turow 2009)
Mass communication
refers to the nature of message, whether it is relayed using text, audio, video, graphics, animation, or a combination of any of this.
The media modality
is the way the data is arranged. The or massage may be transmitted through radio waves (for audio) and light for other modalities.
The media format
form refers to the particular media technology to which the message is transmitted.
The mass media
is the ability to access, analyze, response to a range of media. It also evaluates and create media in a variety of forms. It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the competencies (knowledge and skills) necessary to engage with traditional media and new technologies.
Media Literacy
uses forms of communication and produces ways of communication. It is about media content. It builds an understanding of the role of media in society as well as essential skills of inquiry and self-expression needed for democratic citizens.
Example of “range of media” are: print, moving images, other hybrid forms such as multimedia text.
Media literacy
denotes the knowledge of where to find these forms of media. It might mean having access to cable, knowing how to play the DVD player, knowing how to adjust setting and knowledge where to access the media texts that are crucial to your life and to your community.
Access-
includes thinking reflectively and critically on what has been read, seen or experienced, and its implications to oneself and to one’s community.
Analysis -
includes the ability to experience and explore the pleasures of the media text, and how these are realized through the language of the media.
Response -
is the ability to recognize when information is needed, and to locate, evaluate, and effectively communicate information in its various formats.
Information Literacy
is about using, managing, gathering, and verifying information. It is about library science. Students learn how to evaluate the quality, credibility, validity of websites, and give proper credit from effective search strategies to evaluation techniques.
The information literacy
is the ability of an individual, either working independently or with others, to responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use technological tools. Using these tools an individual can access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create and communicate information.
Technology Literacy
is applying new found knowledge from digital environments, participating in digital media, organizing, and evaluating information. Also, it is the ability to effectively use technology to access, evaluate, integrate, create, and communicate information to enhance the learning process through problem- solving and critical thinking. Source: MIL Curriculum Guide for Teachers by UNESCO,2011
Technology literacy
Our brains depend on information to work optimally. The quality of information we engage with largely determines our perceptions, beliefs and attitudes. It could be information from other persons, the media, libraries, archives, museums, publishers, or other information providers including those on the internet.
Media and Information Literacy
provides answers to the questions that we all ask ourselves at some point. How can we access, search, critically assess, use and contribute content wisely, both online and offline? What are the ethical issues
surrounding the access and use of information? How can we engage with media and ICTs to promote equality, intercultural and interreligious dialogue, peace, freedom of expression and access to information?
Media and information literacy (MIL)
recognizes the primary role of information and media in our everyday lives. It lies at the core of freedom of expression and information since it empowers citizens to understand the functions of media and other information providers, to critically evaluate their content, and to make informed decisions as user and producer of information and media content.
Media and information Literacy
There are two factors that can influence you to become a media and information literate individual.
Ans.
One is clarifying your goals and motivations for seeking information.
Exp.
The greater your need, the more effort you exert to become selective of the information at your disposal.
Ans.
Second is acquiring more skills in discerning, appreciating, and filtering information.
Exp.
This involves being more media savvy and better acquainted with information sources. For more information about media and information literate individual,
is the ability to evaluate the kind of information you access and share which is very vital skill as producers and consumers of information. Being critical means being capable of judging the merit of something based on certain standards or parameters.
The critical thinking
is in control of his or her media experiences because he or she understands the basic conventions of various media and enjoys their uses in the deliberately conscious manner.
The media literate person
refers to the time before the existence of written or recorded history. According to archeologist, the Prehistoric Age occurred some 4.5 million years ago or approximately 30, 000 years ago. It also known as Stone Age and the Metal Age. They are called such because of the kind of tools that the prehistoric people used during those times. The tools were relatively crude, archeologist believe that a system of writing hat not yet existed during this era.
Prehistoric Age (1500 BC - 1500 AD)
learned how to sharpen their tools and use them for hunting, they also acquired the knowledge on how to use these materials in carving stones. Eventually, this paved the way for them to create a system of writing, which marked the start of the historic period.
The prehistoric men
the early writing tablet recording the allocation of beer, 3100-3000 B. C.E.,
The Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC),
originated in china, it is technique or printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia.
Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD),
During the Stone Age, used these crude stone tools to create objects, which are now considered rock art.
prehistoric people
The two kinds of rock art during the Stone Age are
petroglyphs and pictographs.
Can be carving or engravings in rocks or caves
Petroglyphs
Represent words or phrases through symbols. Used to refer to sketches or paintings that usually depict nature, early people’s way of life.
Pictographs
a cradle song or piece of music that is usually played for children
Orayi (Song)
began in the 18th century in Great Britain when the country made drastic reforms to improve their economy. Technology shifted from using hand tools to operating power-driven machines. Most people associated factories and machines to industries.
Industrial Age (1700s-1930s)
so people communicated their way of life, beliefs, and other practices through music and dance
Prehistoric Age
has improved the people’s way of living as new inventions such as steamboats and steam locomotives, made transportation faster. However some business owners during this era focused only on earning profit so they took advantage of the poor economic condition of the working class.
The Industrial Age
When the _____ was invented, the printing of materials like newspapers became much faster, cheaper and easier.
steam press
used to send the famous message “What Hath God Wroght” over the prototype telegraph line between Baltimore and Washington D.C. in 1844.
The telegraphy key
used for writing characters was also invented around 1800.
A mechanical typewriter
refers to an object that has electronic components, such as sensors, microchips, which functions once it is connected to an electronic outlet. The Industrial Age and Electronic Age are quite similar they thrived in the manufacturing industries, the only different because of the equipment used. Example Transportation and Communication.
Electronic Age (1930s 1980s)
By early 1954, ____ was introduced by Texas instruments (TI) had perfected production to the point that transistors became cheap enough for use in consumer items.
Transistor Radio
began its popularity in the 1940s. It was a novel item that everyone wanted to have. It opened the doors for a variety of new experiences for all Americans.
The television
has upgraded what it can offer to consumers in terms of gadgets and devices that can make their way of life not only functional and comfortable, but also offer endless possibilities.
Information (Digital) Age (1900s 2000s)
is a period in human history characterized by the shift from traditional industry that the Industrial Revolution brought through industrialization, to an economy based on information computerization.
Digital Age or Informational Age
paved the way advanced the used of microelectronics with the invention of personal computers, devices wearable technology. Moreover, voice, image, sounds, and data are digitalized.
This is the period of computers, laptops, smartphones and social media.
The internet
It is one-directional
The media experience is limited The sense of receptors used are very specific (i.e., print media requires sense of sight, radio requires sense of hearing, and television and film requires both)
Traditional Media
The audiences are more involved
They are able to feedback simultaneously
Integrates all the aspects of the traditional media.
Media experience is more interactive
New Media
Examples would be the telephone, and e-mail where” content is private and perishable and the relationship established and reinforced may be more important than the information conveyed.”
Interpersonal communication media.
Video and computer-based games, plus virtual reality devise compose this category.
Interactive play media.
This refers to the to the use of the Internet for “sharing and exchanging information, ideas, and experiences and developing active (computer-mediated) personal relationships active (McQuail, 2010),
Collective participatory media.
it describes that all forms of communications are under the control of the governing elite or authorities or influential bureaucrats. Authoritarians are necessary to control the media to protect and prevent the people from the national threats through any form communication. The press is an instrument to enhance the ruler’s power in the country rather than any threats.
Authoritarian Theory
The Soviet Union was restructured with new political system based on the Marxist-Leninist principles. The newly formed communist party by Lenin shows much interest in the media which serves to the working class in the country and their welfare. So the Soviet originates a theory from Marxist, Leninist and Stalinist thoughts, with mixture of Georg. Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ideology is called “Soviet Media Theory” is also known as “The communist Media Theory”. The same theory was developed and followed by Adolf Hitler’s Nazi in Germany and Benito Mussolini in Italy
Soviet Media Theory
The basis which our analysis perspectives, programme, and participation in the movement are based. It is our “guide to action” and is why the international Marxist Tendency places so much emphasis on political education.
Marxist Theory
The crimes we shall expose are to be judge not by the standards of Communist regimes, but by the unwritten code of the natural laws of humanity.
Marxist Theory and Leninist Theory
