Periodic Trends

Question 0

What did Moseley’s periodic table look like?

Answer 0

Elements were arranged by atomic number.

Question 1

What did Mendeleev’s periodic table look like?

Answer 1

Elements were arranged by similar properties and increasing atomic mass.

Question 2

What is the arrangement of atomic radii on a periodic table?

Answer 2

Atomic radii increases as you go down a group, and decreases from left to right across a period.

Question 3

What is effective nuclear charge?

Answer 3

The positive charge on a nucleus.

Question 4

What happens the ionic radii on a periodic table?

Answer 4

It increases down a group, and increases from right to left across a period, which includes a trade off from metal to nonmetal.

Question 5

What is a cation?

Answer 5

A positive ion

Question 6

What is an anion?

Answer 6

A negative ion

Question 7

What ions do metals form?

Answer 7

Cations

Question 8

What ions to nonmetals form?

Answer 8

Anions

Question 9

Where are cations found?

Answer 9

Groups 1, 2 and 3.

Question 10

Where are anions found?

Answer 10

Groups 5, 6 and 7.

Question 11

What does atomic radii estimate?

Answer 11

Size

Question 12

What is ionization energy?

Answer 12

Increase from left to right on period and increase up a group. Energy used to remove electrons and forms ions.

Question 13

What is special about noble gases?

Answer 13

They don’t lose energy easily, and since they’re nonmetals, they have higher ionization.

Question 14

What is second ionization energy?

Answer 14

Removal of additional electrons from an atom.

Question 15

What is electronegativity?

Answer 15

The measure of ability of atom to attract electron. Increases right a period and up a group.

Question 16

What is a halogen?

Answer 16

An element in group 17.

Question 17

What is a transitional metal?

Answer 17

All elements in groups 3-12 in d block.

Question 18

What is an alkali metal?

Answer 18

Elements in group 1

Question 19

What is an alkali earth metal?

Answer 19

Elements in group 2 except of Be.

Question 20

What is the shielding affect?

Answer 20

Describes attraction between atom and nucleus. Decreases down groups, constant across periods.

Question 21

How does nuclear charge determine atomic radius and what is it similar too?

Answer 21

It’s equal to atomic number, and the larger the atomic radius the smaller the nuclear charge and vise-versus for smaller atomic radius.

Question 22

How is a cation formed and what does this process lead too?

Answer 22

It’s formed by loss of electrons which leads to a decrease in atomic radius.

Question 23

What is the affect of cations on electrons?

Answer 23

Cations draw electrons towards nucleus.

Question 24

What is the affect of electron cloud on cation?

Answer 24

Cation decreases when the electron cloud shrinks.

Question 25

How is an anion formed?

Answer 25

Anion is formed by addition of electrons which increases atomic radius.

Question 26

How do anions affect electron clouds?

Answer 26

They cause electron clouds to spread

Question 27

What is the relationship between nuclear charge and ionization energy?

Answer 27

The larger the nuclear charge, the greater the ionization energy.

Question 28

What is the relationship between the shielding affect and ionization energy?

Answer 28

The greater the shielding affect, the less the ionization energy.

Question 29

What is the relationship between atomic radius and ionization energy?

Answer 29

The greater the atomic radius, the less the ionization energy.