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8th Grade Science > Periodic Table of Elements > Flashcards

Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

H

A

Hydrogen

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2
Q

Na

A

sodium

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3
Q

K

A

potassium

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4
Q

Mg

A

magnesium

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5
Q

Ca

A

calcium

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6
Q

Al

A

aluminum

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7
Q

C

A

carbon

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8
Q

N

A

nitrogen

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9
Q

Pb

A

lead

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10
Q

Au

A

gold

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11
Q

O

A

oxygen

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12
Q

S

A

sulfur

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13
Q

F

A

fluorine

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14
Q

Cl

A

chlorine

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15
Q

I

A

iodine

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16
Q

He

A

helium

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17
Q

Ne

A

neon

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18
Q

Ar

A

argon

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19
Q

Ag

A

silver

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20
Q

Cu

A

copper

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21
Q

Kr

A

krypton

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22
Q

Xe

A

xenon

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23
Q

Rn

A

radon

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24
Q

Fe

A

iron

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25
Q

Cr

A

chromium

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26
Q

Zn

A

zinc

27
Q

Sn

A

tin

28
Q

Hg

A

mercury

29
Q

W

A

tungsten

30
Q

Pt

A

platinum

31
Q

coefficient

A

number attached to the element(s)

32
Q

subscript

A

below

33
Q

superscript

A

above

34
Q

radical

A

2 or 3 elements that bond together and act as a single substance

35
Q

Balancing Equations Formula

A

_reactant + _reactant ——- _product + _product

36
Q

What are the parts of an atom?

A
  • proton
  • electron
  • neutron
  • orbital
37
Q

What is a proton?

A

positively charged particle

38
Q

What is an electron?

A

negatively charged particle

39
Q

What is a neutron?

A

particle without a positive or negative charge

40
Q

What is an orbital?

A

the path in which the electron follows

41
Q

What makes up the nucleus?

A

protons & neutrons

42
Q

What is a quark?

A

smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons

43
Q

What are the types of quarks?

A
  • up
  • down
  • strange
  • charm
  • bottom
  • top
44
Q

What is an ion?

A

an atom with unequal numbers of protons and electrons, so they are not electrically natural - they have an electric charge

45
Q

What is the atomic mass?

A

of protons + # of neutrons

46
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

the number of electrons an element has

47
Q

What is an isotope?

A

A form of an atom with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons (usually radioactive)

48
Q

What is radioactivity?

A

atoms that aren’t stable and parts keep going off into things

49
Q

How is the periodic table organized?

A

families are vertical columns and periods are horizontal rows

50
Q

What is a family?

A

elements that share very similar physical and chemical properties

51
Q

What are the special A family properties?

A

The number of the A family tells us how many valence electrons it has.

52
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

electrons on the outside-most orbital

53
Q

What are periods?

A

the number of the period tells how many orbitals the atoms have

54
Q

What are the characteristics of Family 1A?

A
  • 1 valence electron
  • soft, shiny elements
  • are highly reactive with family VII A
  • H is the only one that is not a metal
55
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

most atoms will try to have 8 electrons on their outside most orbital

56
Q

Which elements do not follow the octet rule?

A

Helium & Hydrogen

57
Q

What are the characteristics for Family VIII A?

A
  • found by Humphrey Davey
  • known as Noble Gases
  • have 8 valence electrons
  • do not usually form compounds
58
Q

What are the characteristics of Family VII A?

A
  • very reactive non-metals
  • elements in all states of matter
  • 7 valence electrons
  • frequently react with I A and II A
  • form ionic bonds with other elements
59
Q

What are ionic bonds?

A

bonds formed by the transfer of electrons

60
Q

What is an anion?

A

positively charged ion (lose electron)

61
Q

What is a cation?

A

negatively charged ion (gain electrons)

62
Q

What is salt?

A

a compound containing a metal and a non-metal salts end in ‘ide’

63
Q

What is ‘ose’?

A

ending for sugars (glucose)

64
Q

What is ‘ase’?

A

ending for enzymes, chemicals that speed up or slow down reactions or cause things to break down

8th Grade Science (9 decks)

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