periodic table and bonding

Question 1

define the term isotope

Answer 1

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 2

why do elements react?

Answer 2

to become more stable

Question 3

what is an ionic compound

Answer 3

chemicals that are made from ions

Question 4

what is a giant ionic lattice structure?

Answer 4

regular repeating structure of opposite charged ions next to each other

Question 5

define the term ionic bond

Answer 5

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 6

metallic bonding structure

Answer 6

giant lattice

Question 7

metallic bonding bond type and definition

Answer 7

electrostatic attraction between rows of metal cations and a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 8

metallic bonding melting point and why

Answer 8

• high
• strong ionic bond so requires a lot of energy to break

Question 9

is metallic bonding malleable or soft and why?

Answer 9

malleable and ductile because layers of cations can slide

Question 10

ionic structure

Answer 10

giant lattice

Question 11

ionic bond type and definition

Answer 11

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 12

ionic melting point and why

Answer 12

• high
• strong ionic bond so requires a lot of energy to break

Question 13

ionic conductivity when and why

Answer 13

when molten and in solution ions can move

Question 14

metallic bonding conductivity when and why

Answer 14

as a solid or liquid delocalised electrons can flow

Question 15

ionic malleable or soft and why

Answer 15

brittle

Question 16

simple molecular structure

Answer 16

molecules

Question 17

simple molecular bond type and definition

Answer 17

covalent bonds between atoms so weak intermolecular forces between molecules

Question 18

simple molecular melting point and why

Answer 18

• low
• weak intermolecular forces so requires little energy to break

Question 19

simple molecular malleable or soft and why

Answer 19

N/A

Question 20

simple molecular conductivity when and why

Answer 20

dont conduct as there’s no free moving particles

Question 21

Giant covalent structure

Answer 21

giant lattice

Question 22

Giant covalent bond type and definition

Answer 22

electrostatic attraction between the bonding pair of electrons and bonded nuclei

Question 23

Giant covalent melting point and why

Answer 23

• very high
• strong covalent bond so requires a lot of energy to break

Question 24

Giant covalent conductivity when and why

Answer 24

dont conduct as there’s no free moving charged particles
(graphite does - delocalised electrons can flow)

Question 25

Giant covalent malleable or soft and why

Answer 25

- very hard - except graphite - layers can slide as weak intermolecular forces