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Chemistry > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

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1
Q

modern periodic law

A

physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers

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2
Q

modern periodic table correlates position of element with

A

electronic configuration

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3
Q

define bridge elements

A

show similarities in properties diagonally with the period of the next group

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4
Q

what happens to electronegative character across period

A

increases

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5
Q

what happens to electropositive character across period

A

decreases

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6
Q

metasilisic acid formula

A

H2SiO3, weak acid

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7
Q

perchloric acid formula

A

HClO4, strong acid

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8
Q

chlorine heptoxide formula

A

Cl2O7, strongly acidic

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9
Q

phosphine formula

A

PH3, weaker base

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10
Q

metaphosphoric acid formula

A

HPO3, weak acid

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11
Q

orthophosphoric acid

A

H3PO4, weak acid

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12
Q

transition elements have how many valence electrons

A

2

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13
Q

metallic character down a group

A

increases

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14
Q

periodicity in properties of elements mean

A

occurrence of characteristic properties of elements at regular intervals in the modern periodic table, when elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic numbers.

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15
Q

define ionisation potential

A

the amount of energy required to remove an electron from the outermost shell of an isolated, gaseous atom.

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16
Q

define electron affinity

A

the amount of energy released when an atom in the gaseous state accepts an electron to form an anion

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17
Q

define electronegativity

A

tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when combined in a compound

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18
Q

what happens to atomic radius when nuclear charge increases

A

atomic size decreases, because electrons of outermost shell are attracted with more force.

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19
Q

define nuclear charge

A

positive charge on the nucleus of an atom. it is equal to its atomic number

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20
Q

atomic radius across the period

A

decreases

21
Q

why do noble gases have larger atomic radius in a period

A

the outermost shell is filled, so there is repulsion. nuclear pull over valence electrons is not seen, so radius is maximum

22
Q

atomic radius down a group

A

increases (nuclear charge increase down a group, but increase in number of shell dominates increase in nuclear charge)

23
Q

what happens to IP when radius increases

A

decreases (nuclear attraction on outermost shell decreases, so less energy needed)

24
Q

what happens to IP when nuclear charge increases

A

increases

25
Q

why do metals have lower IP than non metals

A

because they lose electrons

26
Q

IP across a period

A

increasesI

27
Q

IP down a group

A

decreases

28
Q

what happens to EA when radius increases

A

decreases, because smaller the atom, the more readily it takes up electrons, so more energy released.

29
Q

which elements have highest EA

A

halogens

30
Q

which elements have 0 EA

A

noble gases

31
Q

greater the value of EA…

A

more electronegative/ more oxidising is the element

32
Q

EA across a period

A

increases

33
Q

EA down a group

A

decreases

34
Q

electronegativity (EN) indicates what?

A

net result of the tendency of elements to attract the bond forming electron pair

35
Q

most EN element

A

fluorine

36
Q

least EN element

A

caesium

37
Q

EN across a period

A

increases

38
Q

EN down a group

A

decreases

39
Q

what happens to metallic and non metallic character when ionisation potential decreases

A

increases, decreases

40
Q

metallic character across period

A

decreases

41
Q

non metallic character across period

A

increases

42
Q

most metallic elements

A

at bottom of the group, because they have largest AR, lowest IP

43
Q

metallic character down a group

A

increases

44
Q

non metallic character down a group

A

decreases

45
Q

density across a period

A

increase gradually (slight decrease thereafter)

46
Q

density down a group

A

increases (so m.p and b.p decrease)

47
Q

define light metals

A

elements arranged in periodic table having n/p ratio around 1 (stable elements)

48
Q

define heavy metals

A

elements having n/p ratio more than 1.5 (unstable elements)

Chemistry (11 decks)

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