Periodic Table Flashcards
Name these elements - O, Cu, Ar, H, Na, K, C
Oxygen, copper, argon, hydrogen, sodium, potassium, carbon
Give the symbols of these elements: calcium, carbon, copper, hydrogen, helium, oxygen and sodium
Ca, C, Cu, H, He, O, Na
How is the periodic table organised
By the patterns in the physical and chemical properties of elements
What is Dmitri Mendeleev famous for
He created the periodic table in 1869 by organising the known elements by the patterns in their properties
What is an element
A substance whose atoms all have the same atomic number (same number of protons)
What is an atom
The smallest constituent of matter that has the properties of the element
State the name given to the vertical columns in the periodic table
Groups
State the name given to the horizontal rows in the periodic table
Periods
How can you tell whether an element is a metal or a non-metal
Examine its properties (eg. metals are a good conductor of electricity)
Describe three properties of a typical metal
Good conductor, shiny, high density, malleable, ductile and sonorous
Describe three properties of a typical non-metal
Poor conductor, dull, low density, brittle, not sonorous
What is formed if a metal element reacts with oxygen
A Metal oxide
What is formed if a non-metal element reacts with oxygen
A non-metal oxide
Describe a difference between metal oxides and non-metal oxides
Non-metal oxides dissolve in water to form acidic solutions. Metal oxides dissolve in water to form alkaline solutions. Most metals oxides are solid at room temperature, many non-metal oxides are gases at room temperature
Describe the pattern in physical properties of Group 1 metals
The melting point decreases as you go down the group
Describe the pattern in reactions Group 1 metals
They are very reactive and the reactions get more vigorous as you go down the group
State one way in which Group 1 element differ from other metals
They have lower melting points than other metals
Name the gas produced when group 1 elements react with water
Hydrogen
Where would you find the group of elements known as the halogens
Group 7
Describe the physical properties of halogens
They have low melting points and do not conduct electricity
Describe the pattern in boiling points for the group 7 elements
The boiling point increases as you go down the group
Describe the pattern in reactions of the halogens
The reactions get less vigorous as you go down the group
Where would you find the group of elements known as the noble gases
Group 0
Name the six noble gases
Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon
Describe the pattern in boiling points for the group 0 elements
The boiling point increases as you go down the group
Describe the physical properties of the noble gases
They have very low melting and boiling points. They are colourless gases at room temperature. They glow brightly if high-voltage electricity passes through them
State the meaning of the word unreactive
Will not take part in chemical reactions
Describe the pattern in chemical properties of group 0 elements
The noble gases get slightly more reactive as you go down the group
