Adaptation, Inheritance, Classification

Question 1

What are 4 things animals compete for

Answer 1

Food, water, space and mates

Question 2

What do plants compete for

Answer 2

Light, water, minerals, space

Question 3

What are characteristics that enable an organism to survive in their normal environment known as

Answer 3

Adaptations

Question 4

What adaptations are common for animals that live in a desert

Answer 4

Do not sweat, hide underground or are more active at night, large surface area to volume ratio (big ears, long limbs, small animals), double eyelashes, fat in hump, wide feet

Question 5

What adaptations are common for plants that live in a desert

Answer 5

A waxy layer covers the plant, stems can store water, widespread roots, spines instead of leaves to reduce surface area

Question 6

Name an adaptation that some trees have to cope with winter and how it helps them survive

Answer 6

Lose their leaves - deciduous trees. Saves energy and water

Question 7

How can animals cope with winter/cold weather

Answer 7

Hibernation, migration, grow thicker fur

Question 8

State the key word that means difference in characteristics

Answer 8

Variation

Question 9

What is it meant by species

Answer 9

Organisms that share similar characteristics and can breed together to produce fertile offspring

Question 10

What are two causes of variation

Answer 10

Genes (inheritance) and environment

Question 11

Give an example of a characteristic determined by the environment

Answer 11

Hair length, piercing, tattoo

Question 12

Give an example of a characteristic determined by inheritance

Answer 12

Blood group, eye colour, lobed and lobeless ear

Question 13

Give an example of a characteristic determined by both the environment and inheritance

Answer 13

Height, body mass

Question 14

What is discontinuous variation

Answer 14

Characteristics that can only have a certain value or that are descriptive eg. Blood type, gender

Question 15

What is continuous variation

Answer 15

Characteristics that can take any value in a range eg. Height, mass, arm span

Question 16

How should a characteristic that show’s discontinuous variation be represented

Answer 16

Bar graph with space between bars

Question 17

How should a characteristic that show’s continuous variation be represented

Answer 17

Histogram with bars touching

Question 18

What is the chemical that chromosomes are made of

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

What is a gene

Answer 19

A section of a chromosome (made of DNA) that codes for a characteristic

Question 20

What do we call a long strand of DNA

Answer 20

Chromosome

Question 21

What do we call remains of organisms that provide evidence for evolution

Answer 21

Fossils

Question 22

Evolution is the slow _____ of organisms over _____ of years

Answer 22

Change, millions

Question 23

How do we describe an organism that no longer exists

Answer 23

Extinct

Question 24

Give two reasons that organisms can become extinct

Answer 24

Environmental changes, habitat destruction, outbreak of new disease or the introduction of new predators and competitors

Question 25

What term is given for the sorting of organisms into groups

Answer 25

Classification

Question 26

What are the five kingdoms of life

Answer 26

Animal, plant, fungi, protist, prokaryotes

Question 27

What characteristics do fungi have

Answer 27

Fungi can be unicellular or multicellular organisms. They get their food from living organisms or by decaying dead material. Cells have a nucleus and a cell wall made of chitin

Question 28

What is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate

Answer 28

Vertebrates are animals with backbones, invertebrates are animals without backbones

Question 29

Give one way in which mammals are different from all other animals

Answer 29

Give birth to fertile young, feed offspring with milk from mother, covered in fur

Question 30

Organisms evolve by the process of n____ s_____

Answer 30

Natural selection