Periodic Table Flashcards
On the PT a group goes from___.
Top to bottom
On the PT a period goes from ___.
Left to right
What are two synonyms for group?
Column, Family
What is a synonym for period?
Row
Valence
The number of electrons on the outer energy level of an atom
Why is valence important?
It effects the way elements bond with each other.
What is the valence that all atoms “try” to reach?
8
If an element has a valance of 8___.
It will not react
If an element has a valence of 1 ___.
It will lose one electron (there will be an energy level of 8 exposed by this).
If an element has a valence of 2 ___.
It will lose two electrons (there will be an energy level of 8 exposed by this).
If an element has a valence of 3 ___.
It will lose three electrons (there will be an energy level of 8 exposed by this).
If an element has a valence of 4 ___.
It will gain or lose electrons because 4 is half way to 8.
If an element has a valence of 5 ___.
It will gain 3 electrons to fill its outer energy level to 8.
If an element has a valence of 6 ___.
It will gain 2 electrons to fill its outer energy level to 8.
If an element has a valence of 7 ___.
It will gain 1 electron to fill its outer energy level to 8.
One Oxygen atom will bond with ___ hydrogen atoms.
2
Oxygen has a valence of 6. Hydrogen has a valence of 1. Together the three atoms will have 8 valence electrons to satisfy oxygen.
One oxygen atom will bond with ___ magnesium atoms.
1
Oxygen has a valence of 6. Magnesium has a valence of 2. Together the two atoms will have 8 valence electrons to satisfy oxygen and magnesium.
Who first ordered the elements into a period?
Demitri Mendeleev
What two pieces of evidence were most important for Mendeleev as he ordered the periodic table?
Atomic Mass and Reactivity
What was wrong with Mendeleev’s periodic table?
The pattern in atomic mass did not always increase from left to right. There were a few inconsistencies that would have caused elements to be grouped with elements that did not have similar properties.
What happens to the pattern of atomic number as we move from left to right?
It increases by one.
What happens to the pattern of atomic mass as we move from left to right?
It increases most of the time
What happens to the pattern of valence as we move from left to right?
It increases by one. (1-8)
What happens to the pattern of energy levels as we move from left to right?
It stays the same
What happens to the pattern of atomic number as we move from top to bottom?
It increases
What happens to the pattern of atomic mass as we move from top to bottom?
It increases
What happens to the pattern of valence as we move from top to bottom?
It stays the same
What happens to the pattern of energy levels as we move from top to bottom?
It increases
Moseley’s work reorganized the PT by increasing ___.
Atomic number
Use the periodic table. Chlorine is a ___. (metal, nonmetal or metalloid)
Non Metal
Use the periodic table. Aluminum is a ___. (metal, nonmetal or metalloid)
Metal
Use the periodic table. As is a ___. (metal, nonmetal or metalloid)
Metalloid
Use the periodic table. Sb is a ___. (metal, nonmetal or metalloid)
Metalloid
Use the periodic table. Pb is a ___. (metal, nonmetal or metalloid)
Metal
Use the periodic table. The valence of F is ___.
7
Use the periodic table. The valence of Ne is ___.
8
Use the periodic table. The valence of B is ___.
3
Use the periodic table. The valence of Na is ___.
1
Use the periodic table. The valence of Ca is ___.
2
Use the periodic table. How many energy levels does He have?
1
Use the periodic table. How many energy levels does Si have?
3
Use the periodic table. How many energy levels does Fr have?
7
Use the periodic table. How many energy levels does Br have?
4
Use the periodic table. How many energy levels does Xe have?
5
