Period 7 Flashcards
Great Migration (1910s-1970s)
African Americans escaping segregation, racial violence, and limited economic opportunity in the South moved to the North and West, where they found new opportunities but still encountered discrimination.
-By 1919, 1 million African Amercians moved to Northern cities.
There was racial tension in the north after the war because African AMericans had begun to work in factories. When white soldiers came back from the war, they expected to find jobs but they were taken by black people and immigrants. This caused many race riots.
Spanish-American War
New Deal
Relief
to provide jobs for the unemployed and to protect farmers from foreclosure
Recovery
to get the economy back into high gear
Reform
To regulate banks, to abolish child labor, and to conserve farm lands
It had some pros and some cons. It increased National Debt but it also created jobs. The role of the government increased
Examples:
FDIC-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
-insures bank deposits up to 250,000 per account
Social Security
-aid for the retired and disabled
-pay into it your whole life and get it back when you retire
Causes of the Great Depression (1929-1941)
-Drop in farm prices
-uneven distribution of income
-get rich quick schemes (being on credit)
-abundance of goods
hawley smoot tariff: tried to force consumers to buy American goods, stopped trade
-immediate cause: Stock Market Crash in 1929
Invasion of Poland
Nanjing Massacre
Treaty of Versailles
League of Nations
Trench Warfare
trench warfare lead to stalemate and immense casualties
-more powerful artillery and airplanes
Blitzkrieg
Radio
Flappers
Jazz
US Imperialism
Dollar DIplomacy: the practice of promising American financial support, either through federal loans or private business participation
Red Scare
The fear of Communism and other radical ideas permeated US society
-The Russian revolution during the war led to widespread fear of Communism disrupting their governments.
-There was a communist party in the US at the time
People assumed that labor strikers were communist after the war
Sacco and Vanzetti
Two immigrants charged and convicted of murder
Weak evidence at trial
Sentenced to death in 1927
Global outcry because of the executions
Reduction in immigration
Zimmerman Telegram
Schlieffen Plan
Prior to World War I, The Schlieffen Plan established that, in case of the outbreak of war, Germany would attack France first and then Russia. Instead of a ‘head-on’ engagement, which would lead to position warfare of inestimable length, the opponent should be enveloped and its armies attacked on the flanks and rear.
The Progressives
in response to the gilded age,
During the Progressive Era, social and political progress will surge forward in direct response to the surge of economics in the Gilded Age
Improve society
Monopolies
Corruption
Inefficiency
Social Injustice
“Strengthen the State”
Use government as an agency of human welfare
Laissez-Faire no longer fits
Non-Aggression Pact
“Return to Normalcy”
Stock Market Crash
Mass Produced Automobiles
“The world must be made safe for democracy”
Self-Determination
A. Mitchell Palmer
He was the US Attorney General. He wanted to detain all communists. It was similar to the Salem witch trials because people were guilty by association. This was called Palmer Raids.
Harlem Renaissance
Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
Stock Market
-form of investment to help the company grow
-people bought stocks on margin (with credit)
-it inflated the value of stocks
Banks invest in the stock market. They invest your money you deposit to the stock market in order to gain profits for loans. The banks were losing money.
Bank Runs
people went to withdraw all their money because the banks were losing money. If people did not go to withdraw their money fast enough, all their savings were lost
The Dust Bowl (1930-1936)
The Dust Bowl (1930-1936)
A severe drought and dust storm
-killed cattles, birds, and fish
-occured in oklahoma, texas, colorado, new mexico, kansas
President Hoover (1929-1933)
-Rugged individualism (pull yourself up by your bootstraps)
-trickle down economics
-the government sent loans to banks -> banks lent money to businesses -> businesses increase employment and wages
-not very liked or effective
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945)
Foreign Policy
Before WW1-> isolationism
WW1-____
After WW1-> isolationism
WW2->interventionist
Immigration
Before WW1-> increase w/ work force
After WW1-> major restrictions
WW2-> __
the 1920s cultural changes
Dances
Changing Values: traditional, more rural values conflict with more modern, urban lifstyles
Mass Consumption: Cars, advertising, sports and leisure, alcohol, credit, radio & film.
Women: changing roles of women spurred by WWI, 19th amendment, Flappers
Harlem Renaissance: Massive expansion of black culture through jazz, literature, and art
the 1920s value changes
Prohibition was favored in the rural south and west but strongly opposed in the eastern cities
Scopes Trial: Religious fundamentalism vs. scientific education
Biology teacher violates states law by teaching evolution
Mass consumption people were able to buy things with credit
Social Gospel
Progressivism based on Christian teaching
Use religion to demand changes (housing/living conditions, working conditions, etc)
Community-based (church) regardless of wealth status
Effects of the Progressive Party
Voters proposed the legislation
referendum : laws are on the ballot to be approved by people
Voters can remove officials from office in special elections
Australian Ballot : secret ballot : others won’t see your vote
Direct election of senators
Women’s suffrage