Period 4 and 5

Question 1

Word

Answer 1

Defintion (Make sure to note the time period if possible)

Question 2

“Spoils System”

Answer 2

The practice of winning candidates rewarding their supporters with government jobs

Question 3

Nativism

Answer 3

Favoring the interests of native-born people over foreign born people

Question 4

Nullification Crisis

Answer 4

South Carolina nullifed a tariff that perfered northern manufacturing over southern agricuulture

Question 5

Tariff of Abominations

Answer 5

John C. Calhouns name for an 1828 tariff increase that seemed to souhterners to be enriching in hte north at their expense

Question 6

Indian Removal Act/Trail of Tears

Answer 6

a law enacted in 1830 that forced native american peoples east of the Mississippi to move to lands in the west

Question 7

Jackson’s Bank Veto

Answer 7

A law vetoed by Andrew Jackson which said the national bank was unconstitutional

Question 8

Panic of 1837

Answer 8

a US financial crisis in which banks closed and the credit system collapsed resulting in many bankruptcies and high unemployment

Question 9

The Whigs/Election of 1840 (2nd party system)

Answer 9

a political party formed in 1834 to oppose the policies of Andrew Jackson

Question 10

The Whig Platform

Answer 10

An ideology that wanted protective tariffs that helped stop infrastructure growth, and supported the national bank

Question 11

New Technology during Market Revolution

Answer 11

Some big ones were textile machines, steam engines, and agricultural inventions

Question 12

Eli Whitney/Cotton Gin

Answer 12

A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotten fibres, invented by Eli Whitney.

Question 13

John Deere/Steel Plow

Answer 13

A new plow that helped farmers cultivate crops more because it wasn’t made out of cast iron

Question 14

Cyrus McCormick/Mechanical Reaper

Answer 14

Cyrus McCormick was a business man and inventor that created the McCormick Harvesting machine company

Question 15

Samuel Morse/Telegraph

Answer 15

A device for the electrical transmission of coded messages over wires.

Question 16

Market Revolution/Market Economy

Answer 16

The major changes in the U.S. economy produced by peoples beginning to buy and sell goods rather than make for themselves.

Question 17

The Lowell System

Answer 17

A labor-production model that helped with the rise of the texilie industry, being employed during the era of the industrial revolution

Question 18

Second Great Awakening

Answer 18

a 19th century reigious movement in which indiviual resposibility for seeking salvation was emphaised, along with the need for personal and social involvment.

Question 19

Transcendentalism / Emerson and Thoreau

Answer 19

A philosophical and literary movement of the 1800s that emphasized living a simple life and celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal emotion and imaganition.

Question 20

Temperance

Answer 20

An organized effort to prevent the drinking of alcholic beverages.

Question 21

Cult of Domesticity

Answer 21

A belief that married women should restrict their activiies to their homes and family.

Question 22

Seneca Falls Convention

Answer 22

A womens rights convention held iin Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848.

Question 23

Nat Turner

Answer 23

Black slave who led the Turner rebellion in 1831, one of the deadliest rebellions against slave owners.

Question 24

Frederick Douglass

Answer 24

Frederick Douglass was a former slave turned activist who played a major part in the abolition of slavery

Question 25

Sojourner Truth

Answer 25

Sojourner Truth was a former slave who was a vary large activist for civil rights and womens rights

Question 26

Manifest Destiny

Answer 26

A belief or doctirence of the United States during the 19th century that it was destined to expand through the American Continents

Question 27

Texas Revolution

Answer 27

The 1836 rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico.

Question 28

Mexican-American War/ Causes

Answer 28

The Mexican-American War was a war fought between Mexico and America for the Texas territory

Question 29

Wilmot Proviso

Answer 29

An amendment to an 1846 military appppropriations bill, proposing that none of the territory acquired in the war with Mexico would be open to slavey.

Question 30

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 30

A system in which the residents vote to decide an issue.

Question 31

Uncle Tom’s Cabin/Harriet Beecher Stowe

Answer 31

Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a book published in the 1800’s that helped spread light to the issue of slavery in America during that time period to the normal person

Question 32

Kansas Nebraska Act

Answer 32

A law, enacted in 1854, that established the terrotiroes of Kansas and Nebraska and gave their residents the right to decide whether to allow slavery.

Question 33

“Bleeding Kansas”

Answer 33

A name applied to the Kansa Territory in the ears before the CIvil War, when the territory was a battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces.

Question 34

John Brown/ Harper’s Ferry

Answer 34

Harpers Ferry was a revolt led by John Brown as a stand against slavery and slave holders

Question 35

Brooks-Sumner Incident

Answer 35

May 22, 1856, Representative Preston Brooks, pro-slavery democrat would use a cane to attack Senator Charles Sumner, an abolitionist republican.

Question 36

Dred Scott Decision

Answer 36

Dred Scott was a slave who escaped from his plantation, and then was sent back even though he escaped to a free state

Question 37

Lincoln/Douglas Debates

Answer 37

A Series of seven debates between the Democratic senator Stephen A. Douglas and Republican affliate Abraham Lincoln

Question 38

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 38

An executive ordered issued by Abraham Lincoln on Janurary 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in all regions behind Confederate lines.

Question 39

Sherman’s March/Total War

Answer 39

A military campaign conducted during the American Civil War through Georgia from November 15 up until December 21, 1864. The campaign was led by major general William Tecumseh Sherman.

Question 40

13th Amendment

Answer 40

The Amendment that ended slavery in the US

Question 41

The Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 41

A federal agency set up to help former slaves after the Civil War.

Question 42

Radical Republicans

Answer 42

One of the congressinal Republicans who, after the Civil War, wanted to destory the poltiical power of the former slaveholders and to give African Americans full citizenship and the right to vote.

Question 43

Black Codes

Answer 43

Laws that controlled and restricted African Americans/former slaves in the South following the end of the Civil War.

Question 44

Civil Rights Act/14th Amendment

Answer 44

The amendment that ended segregations and the violation of citizens’ rights.

Question 45

15th Amendment

Answer 45

The 15th Amendment gave African American men the right to vote.

Question 46

Sharecropping

Answer 46

A system in which landowners give farm workers land, seed, and tools in return for a part of the crops they raise.

Question 47

Carpetbaggers

Answer 47

A northerner who moved to the South after the Civil War

Question 48

Scalawags

Answer 48

A white Southerner who joined the Republican Party after the Civil War.

Question 49

Compromise of 1877

Answer 49

A series of congressional measure under which the Democracts agreed to accept the Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes as president, even though he had lost the popular vote. The measures included the withdrawal of federal troops from Southern states, federal money for improving Southern infrastructure, and the appointment of a conservative Southern cabinet memeber.