Period 4 Flashcards
Southern tip of africa first cicumnavigated in 1488 by portuguese in search of direct to india
Cape of good hope
Genose captain in service of king and queen of castille and argin succesfully sailed to new world and returned in 1492 initiated europiean discoverise in americas
Columbus christopher
(1480-1521) spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumanigation of the globe died during voyage allowed spain to claim phollipiibes
Ferdiband magellan
Joinst stock company that obtained govt monopoly over trade in asia acted as virtually independent goverment in regions it claimed
Dutch east india company
Joint stock company that obtained goverment monopoly over trade in india acted as virtually independent goverment in regions it claimed
British east india comp
Naval Battle b/t the spanish and the ottoman empire resulting in a spanish victory in 1571
lepanto
nation usually European that enjoyed profit from world economy controlled international banking and commerical services such as shipiing exported manufactured goods for raw materials.
core nations
economic theory that stressed governments promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to imporve tax revenues popular during 17th and 18th centuries
merchantilism
first spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of meso america in 159 initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains
Balboa, Vasco De
Led conquest of inca empire of peru beginnning in 1533 by 1540 most of inca possessions fell to spanish
Pizarro Francisco
French colonies in north america extended from St. Lawrence river along great lakes and down mississipi river valley system
New France
fought in both continental europe and also in overseas colonies bt 1756 and 1763 resulted in Prussian seizures of colonies in india and north america
Seven years war
Arranged in 1763 following seven years war granted new france to england in echange for french sugar island in caribbean
treaty of paris
dutch colony established at cape of good hope in 1632 initially to provide coastal station for the dutch seaborne empire by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into contact with bantus
Cape Colony
Dutch settleres in cape calony southern africa
boers
focus on humankind as center of intellectual and artistic endeavor metod of study that emphasized the superiority of classical forms over medieval styles in particular the study of ancient languages
humanism
cultural and intellectual movement of northern europe began later than itallian renaissance c 1450 centered in france low countries england and germany feautred greater emphasis on religion than italian renaissance
northern renaissance
king of france in the 16th cnetury regarded as renaissance monarh patron of arts imposed new cointrols on catholic church ally of ottoman sultan against holy roman emperor.
Francis 1
Originated in 15th century among peasnts and artisans of western europe featuring late marriage age emphasis on the nuclear family and a large minority who never married
european style family
german monk initiated protestant reformation in 1517 by nailing 95 theses to the foor of wittenburg church emphasized primancy of faith over works stressed in catholic church accepted state control of church
Luther, Martin
General wave of religious dissent against catholic church generally held to have begun with martin luthers attack on catholic beliefs in 1517 included many varieties of religious belief
protestantism
form of protestantism set up in england after 1534 established by henry V11 with himself as head at least in part to obtain a divorce from his first wife, became increasingly protestant following henry’s death
anglican church
french protestant (16th century) who stressed doctrine of predestinatin established center of his group at a swiss canton of geneva encouraged ideas of wider access to government wider public education calvinism spread from switzerland to northern europe and north america
calvin jean
restatement of traditional catholic beliefs in response to proteestant reformation 16th century established councils that revived catholic doctrine and refuted protestant beliefs
catholic reformation
a new religous order founded during the catholic reformation active in politics education and missionary work spornsored missions to south america north america and asia
jesuits
grant of tolerance to protestants in france in 1598 granted only after lengthy civil war b/t catholic and protestant factions
edict of nantes
war withing the holy roman empire between german protestant s and their allies like sweden denmark france and the emperor and his ally spain, ended in 1648 after great destuction of treaty of westphaliaq
thirty years war
ended thirty years wat in 1648 granted right to individual rulers within the holy roman empireto choose their own reiligion either portestant or catholic
treaty of westphalia
conflict from 1640 to 1660 featured religious disputes mixed with constitutional issues concerning the powers of the monarchy ended with restoration of the mnarchy in 1660 followin execution of previous king
english civil war
class of working people without access to producing property typically manufacturing workers oaid laborers in the agricultural econom or urban poor in europe product of economic cghanges og the 16th and 17th centuries
protelatiat
cumulated in 17th century period of emperical advancs associated with the development of wider theoretical generalizations resulted in change in traditional beliefs of middle ages
scientific revolution
polish monk and astornomer disproved the hellenistic theory that the earth was at the center of the universe
copernicus
