Period 3 Flashcards
Dynasty that succeded umayyads as caliphs within islam; came to power in 750 CE
Abbasid
Nomadic pastorialists of the arabian peninsula; culture based on camel and goat nomadism; early converts to islam
Bedouin
City located in the mountainous region along red sea in arabian peninsula; founded by ummayad clan of quraysh ; site of ka’ba original home of muhhamed; location of cheif religious pilgrimage point in islam
Mecca
Clan of quraysh that dominated politics and commercial economy of mecca clan established dynasty as rulers of islam 661 to 750
Ummayad
Prophet of islam born 570 to banu hasim clan of quraysh tribe in mecca; raised by father’s family recieved relevations from allah in 610 CE and thereafter died in 632
Muhammed
First wife of the prophet muhammad who had worked for her as a trader
Khadijah
Recitations of relevations recieved bu muhammad, holy book of islam
Quran
Cousin and son in law of muhammed
Ali
The obligatory religious duties of all muslims confession of faith prayer fasting during ramadan zakat and hajj
Five pillars
A muslim’s pilgrimage to the holy city of mecca to worksup allah at the ka’ba
Hajj
The political and religious successor to muhammed
Caliph
(c 573-634) one of muhammed earliest converts succeeded muhammed as first caliph islamic community
Bakr abu
Struggle often used for wars in defense for faith
Jihad
Political and theoretical divisions within islam supported the ummayads
Sunnis
Also known as shi”tes political and theological division within islam; followers of ali
Shi’a
Traditions of the prophet
Hadiths
Capital of abbhasid dynasty located in iraq near ancient persian capital of constantinople
Baghdad
Series of military adventures initially launched by western christians to free holy land from muslims; temporarily suceedeed in caputuring jerusalem and establishing christian kingdoms later used for other purposes such as commercial wars and extermination of heresy
Crusades
Born in 1170s in decades following death of kabul khan elected khagan of all mongol tribes in 1206 responsible for the conquests of northern kingdoms of china
Chinngas Khan
Arab traveler who described african societies and cultures in his travel records
Ibn Battuta
The predecessor to modern russia kievan rus’ was a medevial state which existed from the end of the 9th to the middle of the 11th century
Kievan Rus
Peasant agricultural laborers within the manorial system of the middle ages
Serfs
Members of the military elite who recieved land or a benefce from a fuedal lord in return for military sevice and loyalty
Vassals
Conflict between england and france from 1337 to 1453 fought over lands england posessed in france and feudal rights versus the emerging claims of national states
Hundred years war
Plague that stuck europe in 14th century
Black death
Founded c.1325 on marshy land in lake texacoco became center of aztex power
Tenochitlan
Tang ruler 690-705 CE in china supported buddhism establishment tried to elevate buddhism to state religion had statues of buddhe created
Empress Wu
Revived ancient confucian teachings in song era china great impact on the dynasties that followed their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign sytems made chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and infouences
Neo confucians
Built in 7th century during reign of yangdi during sui dynasty designed to link the original centers of chinese civilization on the north china plain with the yangtze river basin to the south nearly 1200 miles long
Grand canal
Practice in chinese society to mutilate women’s feet in order to make them smaller produced pain and restructed women’s movement
Footbinding
Military peaders of bafuku
Shoguns
Extensive adaptation of chinese culture in other regions typical of korea abd japanese less typical oc vietnam
Sinification
One of the four subdivisions of the mongol empire after chinggis khan’s death originally ruled by his grandsom batu territory covered much of what is today south central russia
Golden horde
Grandson of chinggis khan commander of mongol forces resposible for conquest of china became khagan in 1260 established sinicized mongol yuan dynasty in china in 1271
Kublai Khan
Suceeded mongol yuan dynasty in china in 1363 lasted until 1644 initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern asia and elsewhere but later concentrated efforts on internal development within china
Ming dynasty
Chinese muslim admiral who commanded series of indian ocean, persian gulf, and red sea trade expeditions under third ming emperor yhingis between 1405 and 1433
Zheng He
Cultural and political movement in weatern europe began in italg c1400 rested on urban vitality and expanding commerce featured a literature and art with distinctly more secular priorities than those of middle ages
Renaissance
