Period 3: Reaction, Revolution, And Romanticism Flashcards
Who was Klemens von Metternich and what were his goals?
He was the Austrian Minister who believed that only powerful central governments could bring Oradea to the various states of Europe. His goals where, to restore the balance of power in Europe by installing legitimate rulers on the various thrones of Europe, making sure that Europe states upheld the rights and prerogatives of the landed aristocracy, and argue for the need for an organized religion as the bulwark of stable states.
What was the Congress of Vienna, what were their principles, and what did they do?
The Congress of Vienna was an assembly of four countries to reorganize Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. Their principles were restoration, legitimacy and compensation. They restored the balance of power to Europe.
What was the Concert of Europe and what was it also referred to as/
The Concert of Europe was also referred to as the Congress system and was a period of roughly 50 years in which Europe existed in the image of these conservative rulers and, in general, there was peace during that time.
Who was a part of the Quadruple Alliance? And what did they pushing for?
Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, and Russia were apart of the Quadruple Alliance and they were pushing for conservative measures.
What was the Principle of Legitimacy?
The principle of legitimacy was what guided Metternich at Vienna. To reestablish peace and stability in Europe, he considered it neces- sary to restore the legitimate monarchs who would preserve traditional institutions
What was the Principle of Intervention?
The principle of intervention meant that the great powers of Europe had the right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions to restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones.
What was the Balance of Power?
a new balance of power that would prevent any one country from dominating Europe. For example, to bal- ance Russian gains, Prussia and Austria had been strength- ened.
What is Conservatism?
most conservatives held to a gen- eral body of beliefs. They favored obedience to political author- ity, believed that organized religion was crucial to social order, hated revolutionary upheavals, and were unwilling to accept either the liberal demands for civil liberties and representative governments or the nationalistic aspirations generated by the French revolutionary Era.
What is Liberalism? People to associate with it.
Liberalism emphasizes the individual and their natural rights as wee as enlightened self-interest. Liberalism wants a limited government.
Ex. Jeremy Bentham - developed utilitarianism
John Stuart Mill - The Subjection of Women
What is Socialism? What were the different types?
An ideology that demands that a society’s means of production should be owned by the community as a whole, not private individuals (redistribution of societies wealth).
Ex. Utopian Socialism - Henri de Saint-Simon
Scientific Socialism - Karl Marx
Who were Utopian Socialists?
The utopian socialists were against private property and the competitive spirit of early industrial capitalism. By eliminating these things and creating new systems of social organization, they thought that a better environment for humanity could be achieved.
What were the principles of romanticism art?
Fascination with the Middle Ages
Heroes
Emotion/Romance
Nationalism
Nature
Who was Mary Shelley?
Mary Shelley is the author of Frankenstein
Who was Edgar Allan Poe and what did he write?
Poe was an American writer and poet who is best known for his poetry and short stories of mystery and the macabre. He wrote Tale Tell Heart
Who was Casper David Friedrich?
Casper was a German Romantic landscape painter, his works were not focused on the people in them.
