Age Of Napoleon Flashcards
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?
He was a French emperor and Military commander after the French Revolution
What was the Coup 1799?
With the coup of 1799, a new form of the Republic was proclaimed with a constitution that estab- lished a bicameral legislative assembly elected indirectly to reduce the role of elections. Executive power in the new gov- ernment was vested in the hands of three consuls, “the decision of the First Consul shall suffice.” As first consul, Napoleon directly con- trolled the entire executive authority of government.
What is Autocracy?
Autocracy is a system of government in which absolute power is held by the ruler.
What was The Consulate 1799?
The Consulate was the top level of government in France from the fall of the Directory to the start of the Napoleonic Empire.
What was the Concordat of 1801?
The Concordat of 1801 was an agreement between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII that helped the religious division in France by giving the Catholics free practice of their religion. Therefore the Catholic Church was no longer an enemy of the French Government.
What was the continental System?
The Continental System was Napoleon’s strategy to weaken Britain’s economy by banning trade between Britain and states occupied by or allied with France, which proved largely ineffective and eventually led to Napoleon’s fall.
Who was Josephine de Beauharnais?
Joséphine Bonaparte was Empress of the French as the first wife of Emperor Napoleon I from 18 May 1804 until their marriage was annulled on 10 January 1810. As Napoleon’s consort, she was also Queen of Italy from 26 May 1805 until the 1810 annulment. She is widely known as Joséphine de Beauharnais.
What were the Napoleonic Wars?
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars that ranged France against shifting alliances of European powers. Originally an attempt to maintain French strength established by the French Revolutionary Wars, they became efforts by Napoleon to affirm his supremacy in the balance of European power.
What were Napoleon’s Domestic Reforms?
- Instituting the Napoleonic Code which reasserted three key principles of the Revolution
2.Centralizing of the government and bureaucracy
3.Religious reform that came in the Concordat of Bologna in 1801
What were the three key principles of the revolution that the Napoleonic Code reasserted?
- The equality of all citizens before the law (men)
- Issued protections for wealth and private property
- Introduced a degree of religious toleration to France
What were prefects?
Prefects were central government agents appointed by Napoleon that were responsible for supervising all aspects of local government. Even though the men weren’t local.
What was Napoleons tax system?
Napoleon made it so no tax exemptions due to birth, status, or special arrangement were granted. This led to a balanced budget.
What did Napoleon do to ranks?
Not rank or birth but only demon- strated abilities now determined promotion in civil or military offices. This was, of course, what many bourgeois had wanted before the Revolution. Napoleon, however, also created a new aristocracy based on merit in the state service.
Who is Germaine de Staël?
She was a prominent France writer who was educated in Enlightenment ideas, she set up a salon in Paris that was a prominent intellectual center by 1800. She wrote novels and political works that denounced Napoleon’s rule as tyrannical. Napoleon banned her books in France and exiled her to the German states, where she continued to write, although not without considerable anguish at being absent from France.
What are the two main reasons for the fall of Napoleon’s Empire?
1.Great Britain and the powers they had
2. The force of Natoinalism
