Period 2: 1607-1754 Flashcards
Corporate Colonies
Jamestown; operated by joint-stock companies.
Royal Colonies
Virginia (after 1624); under direct authority of the king’s government.
Proprietary Colonies
Maryland & Pennsylvania; under the authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by the king.
Plymouth & Massachusetts Bay
Religious motivation was the main force behind the settlement. Both settled by Protestants.
Separatists
Radical dissenters to the church of England, wanted to organize a separate church that was independent of royal control.
Puritans
Moderate dissenters who wanted to purify the Church of England and believed it could be reformed.
The Great Migration
1630: A civil war in England that drove many settlers to the Massachusetts Bay colony.
House of Burgesses
1619: Organized by Virginia colonists, was the first representative assembly in America.
The Mayflower Compact
Document signed by pilgrims that pledged them to make decisions by the will of the majority.
Act of Toleration
1649: First colonial statue granting religious freedom to all Christians, but called for the death of anyone who denied the divinity of Jesus.
Indentured Servants
Young people from the British isles who agreed to work 4-7 years for a master in return for room and board.
Bacon’s Rebellion
1676-7: Nathaniel Bacon resented the political and economic control in the Chesapeake area, and his army succeeded and burned Jamestown.
Effects of Bacon’s Rebellion
Highlighted class differences between wealthy planters and poor farmers, and colonial resistance to royal control.
Rhode Island
1636: Roger Williams. Recognized the rights of Natives and paid them for the use of their land. Allowed Catholics, Quakers, and Jews.
Anne Hutchinson
Dissenter who questioned the doctrines of Puritan authorities. Believed in antinomianism.
Connecticut
1636: Thomas Hooker. Established a representative government consisting of a legislature elected by popular vote and a governor chosen by that legislature.
New England Confederation
1643-84; Military alliance between Plymouth, Massachusetts, Connecticut, & New Haven.
Effects of the New England Confederation
Ended in 84 when colonial rivalries & renewed control by the English monarch brought it to an end.
King Philip’s War
1675-6; Natives’ last effort to avoid recognizing English authority and stop settlement on their land.
Effects of King Philip’s War
Colonial forces won, thus ending most Native resistance in New England.
Quakers
Believed in the equality of all men and women, nonviolence, & resistance to military service.
Mercantilism
Looked upon trade, colonies, and the accumulation of wealth as the basis for a country’s military and political strength. Colonies were to provide to the mother country (England).
Acts of Trade and Navigation
1650-73; Established 3 rules for trade; 1) trade to and from the colonies could be carried only by English ships, 2) all goods imported into the colonies had to pass ports in England, 3) specified goods from the colonies could be exported to England only.
Effects of the Acts of Trade and Navigation (1)
Caused New England shipbuilding to prosper, provided Chesapeake tobacco with a monopoly in England, & provided English military forced to protect colonies from potential French/Spanish attacks.
