Period:1 1491-1607 Flashcards
From what year did Period 1 start and end?
1.2
1491-1607
Why did Native Americans have different cultures?
1.2
The different environments led to diverse societies
What kind of Native American society’s existed in Central and South American?
1.2
Urban complex society’s. Heavily influenced by religion.
Why was maize important when it spread to North America? (3)
1.2
It caused economic development population increase
use of irrigation.
What Native groups existed in Central and South America?
1.2
Aztec: irrigation, cities, sacrificial religion
Maya: irrigation, temples, cities
Inca: irrigation fertile soil, large population
What kind of Native society existed in the Pacific Northwest?
1.2
Fishing Villages
Sedentary
What native groups living in the Pacific Northwest?
1.2
Chinook
Chumash
Settled villages/hunt gather
What kind of Native society were that Southwest people?
1.2
Sedentary
What native groups lived in the Southwest?
1.2
Pueblo: farmed maize, sedentary
What kind of Native society were the Plains and Great Basin people?
1.2
Nomadic
What native groups lived in the Plains and Great Basin?
1.2
Ute: hunt/gather
What kind of Native society were the Mississippi River Valley people?
1.2
Large complex societies
What native groups lived in the Mississippi River Valley?
1.2
Hopewell:trade
Cahokia:government power,large cities
Fertile soil
What kind of Native society were the Northeast people?
1.2
Sedentary, farming
What Native groups lived in the NorthEast?
1.2
Iroquois: longhouses
What were the reasons for European exploration? (3)
1.3
Population increase
Political unification
Want of luxury goods ⭐️
Why did European not use a land trade route?
1.3
Land trade controlled by Muslims= can’t establish ttheir win on own terms
Portugal
1.3
1st to explore
Trading Post empire
Miritime tech-caravels
Prince Henry of Navigator
Spain
1.3
Spread Christianity
Christopher Columbus- gold enslave natives
What is the Colombian exchange?
1.4
Transfer of animals,mineral, people and diseases between Africa Europe and Americas
How did diseases impact Natives?
1.4
Killed many of them
Changed their society
What goods were exchanged from the Americas to Europe?
1.4
Tobacco, Maize, Gold, Silver
What goods were exchanged from Africa and Europe to the Americas?
1.4
Livestock
Africans
How did the European economy change?
1.4
Changed from Feudalism to Capitalism
What was the African slave trade?
1.5
European ports were built on coast trade goods/guns for people
Encomienda system
1.5
Granted land to people, Natives living became labor force
And converted them into Christianity
What was the caste system?
1.5
Spanish system organized society
Born in Spain of top Natives on bottom
Spanish Hegemony
1.6
Domination of a nation by a nation
How did Europe and the Natives adopt each other’s cultures?
1.6
Fur trade: marriage
Metal/horses
Adopt some Christianity
What was the Pueblo revolt?
1.6
Resist conversion
Natives kill colonizers burn Christian Church
Spain return and win
