Perio Surgery Flashcards
What is the goal of periodontal surgery?
to restore health and function to the periodontium AND to improve prognosis
What some indications for periodontal surgical therapy?
accessing root for debridement, eliminating pockets, removing diseased perio tissues, improving esthetics, correcting mucogingival defects, making perio more accessible for better hygiene, create favorable restorative environment, draining perio problems, to improve prognosis of tx, and regeneration of tissues
What is the difference between gingivectomy and gingivoplasty?
-ectomy means to remove, and -plasty means to modify or to mold
What is the goal of a distal wedge procedure?
If the gingiva is level with the occlusal surface of the most posterior molar
(in area of retromolar pad)
What kind of incision is used for a distal wedge?
Full-Thickness Incision
What rate does the gingival epithelium regenerate?
~1mm per day
regenerate from both sides of wound, so overall it grows 2mm per day
What are the main goals of performing a gingivectomy/gingivoplasty?
To recontour soft tissue, lengthen crown, and/or reduce pocket depth
What is the general term for correcting osseous defects/deformities?
Osseous recontouring
Name three regenerative surgical procedures.
Grafted tissue regeneration, ridge augmentation, and sinus lift
What is one possible problem to grafting bone marrow from a patient’s hip?
Morbidity - the patient can feel soreness or pain in that area of hip for a long time (possibly permanent)
To minimize the amount of bone marrow grafted, we use fillers from…?
mostly cows (australian cows), coral, etc.
Why would you place a membrane between the grafted bone material and gingiva?
It prevents epithelial down growth
What is epithelial down growth?
Where the gingival epithelium recedes due to missing underlying connective tissue - CT regenerate waayyyyy slower than epithelium
How long does it typically take connective tissue to regenerate after surgery?
6-8 weeks
Why should a surgical wound be sutured?
to get Primary Intention (wound edges are touching)
When referring to wounds, what is secondary intention?
wound opening where the edges of the wound are NOT in contact with each other - takes much longer to heal
At minimum, how long should it take for the surgical wound in a GTR take to heal?
6-8 weeks (CT must regenerate, and that’s how long it takes for that)
Name five examples of corrective procedures for mucogingival defects.
Apically positioned flaps, frenectomy, free gingival grafts, connective tissue grafts, pedicle flaps
Where is a common source of connective tissue for GTR?
The hard palate of the patient’s mouth
partial thickness flap used
After surgery, what determines the height of the epithelium?
underlying connective tissue (must be present for epithelium to exist)
What determines the type of epithelium in an area?
underlying connective tissue (the CT is what makes keratinized epithelium, keratinized, etc)
Which biotype is less susceptible to tissue loss?
Thick biotype