Localized antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What are some desirable characteristics of local chemotherapeutics?

A

substantivity, low toxicity, high potency, good permeability, and intrinsic efficacy

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2
Q

What are some examples of topical antimicrobials?

A

Chlorhexidine, essential oils, Povidine Iodine, Quaternary ammonium chloride, sanguinarine, sodium hypochlorite, stannous fluoride, and triclosan

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3
Q

Describe chlorhexidine

A

considered Gold Standard, ruptures cell membranes, adheres and releases for 6+ hrs, can stain teeth, causes calculus formation

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4
Q

Rinsing with chlorhexidine for 2 minutes before invasive oral procedure reduces risk for what?

A

bacteremia

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5
Q

What’s an example of essential oils used to treat plaque?

A

Listerine

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6
Q

Describe Povidine Iodine

A

Effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi; avoid in patients allergic to shellfish or iodine, thyroid dysfunction, or pregnant/lactating women

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7
Q

How does quaternary ammonium compounds work?

A

ruptures cell walls; reduces gingivitis by 24% (found in scope and cepacol)

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8
Q

What is Sanguinarine?

A

An herbal alkaloid extract from cacti, and used in mouthwash and dentrifices

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9
Q

What is sodium hypochlorite?

A

used for dentures, it’s a bleach that is effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi; corrosive to metals

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10
Q

What is stannous fluoride?

A

Inhibits cariogenic plaque and remineralizes enamel; poor shelf life

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11
Q

Describe triclosan

A

broad spectrum antimicrobial found in several oral products; banned in Europe

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12
Q

How deep can mouth rinses or supragingival irrigations reach into the pocket?

A

5mm

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