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Peds > Perinatal/newborn > Flashcards

Perinatal/newborn Flashcards

1
Q

Age of viability

A

24 weeks

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2
Q

Lung maturity

A

32 weeks

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3
Q

LGA

A

Large for gestational age
>90th percentile
Maternal diabetes

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4
Q

SGA

A

Small for gestational age
<10th percentile
Give up to 2 years to catch up

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5
Q

Average length of newborn

A

20-21 inches

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6
Q

Average weight of newborn

A

7lbs

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7
Q

Average HC of newborn

A

13-14 inches

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8
Q

Acrocyanosis

A

cyanosis in extremities

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9
Q

Reflexes that appear at birth and should disappear by 3-4 months

A

rooting
sucking
moro
grasp (palmar;plantar)

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10
Q

Tonic neck reflex

A

Should disappear by 3 months

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11
Q

Babinski reflex

A

should disappear by 12 months

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12
Q

Caput succedaneum

A

crosses MIDLINE
fluid under skin
should resolve in 2-3 days

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13
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

DOES NOT cross midline

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14
Q

Largest fontanel, should close by 18 months

A

Anterior

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15
Q

Fontanel that closes by 2-3 months

A

posterior

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16
Q

Causes of wide fontanels

A 
Prematurity
IUGR
Hydrocephalus
Down syndrome
Hypothyroidism
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17
Q

Ortolani’s Click

A

a “click” heard or felt as dislocation is reduced in DDH

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18
Q

Developmental dysplasia of the hips

A

Skin folds will be greater on hip that is displaced

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19
Q

Barlows maneuver

A

feeling of a slip as the femoral head slips away from the acetabulum causing dislocation
during ABDUCTION

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20
Q

Mandatory newborn screening in all 50 states

A

PKU, galactosemia, hemoglobinpopathies, congenital hypothyroidism

21
Q

PKU

A

Phenylketonuria

Causes DD, severe retardation, seizures, aggression, autism

22
Q

Galactosemia

A

liver dysfunction coagulopathies

Maple sugar smell to urine

23
Q

Congenital hypothyroidism

A

Can cause mental retardation

neuro and metabolic abnormalities

24
Q

When is HC stopped?

A

2 years old

25
Q

Precuts excavatum

A

sunken cheat

most common congenital deformity of the anterior wall of the chest

26
Q

Allis’s sign

A

unequal leg length in DDH

27
Q

Galeazzi’s sign

A

Unequal knee height in DDH

28
Q

When to introduce foods?

A

6 months

29
Q

When is it a warning sign if baby does not pick head up when lying on stomach?

A

3 months

30
Q

When can an infant be given ibuprofen?

A

6 months

31
Q

When to start getting BP’s?

A

3 years old

32
Q

When to get Hct?

A

2 years old d

33
Q

Genu varum

A

bowed legs

Normal variant in toddlers

34
Q

Genu valgum

A

knock-knees

Normal variant in preschoolers

35
Q

Motorskills in 2 year olds

A

Up and down steps
kicks ball w/o falling
runs with wide gait

Tower of 8 cubes
turns a doorknob

36
Q

Motor skills at 3 years old

A

Hops at 3.5 yo
rides a tricycle

Copies a circle
Builds a tower

37
Q

Motor skills at 4 years old

A

Up and down stairs with ALTERNATING feet
Rides bike w/ training wheels

Draws person w/ 4-6 parts
Tower of 10 blocks

38
Q

Motor skills at 5 years old

A

Skips
jump ropes
plays ball

Copies a square and multiple shapes
prints letters
ties shoes

39
Q

Types of play in toddlers

A

Onlooker and parallel play

40
Q

Types of play in preschoolers

A

Associative, cooperative, dramatic, physical

41
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of DD in infants and toddlers to 42 mo old

A

Bailey Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 2nd edition

BAYLEY-III

42
Q

When to encourage use of utensils?

A

15-17 months

43
Q

Warning signs @ 1 year

A

Not imitating sounds
not pulling to stand
not indicating desires by pointing

44
Q

Warning signs @ 18 months

A

Does not make eye contact

Does not feed self with spoon

45
Q

Warning signs @ 2 yo

A

Not walking upstairs
Is not using 2-3 word phrases
Not noticing cars or animals
Not initiating self-stimulating activities

46
Q

Warning signs @ 3 yo

A 
Not aware of external environment
Cant ride tricycle
Does not follow simple direction
Baby talk
Does not imitate adult activities
47
Q

Warning signs @ 4 yo

A

Does not listen to a story
Does not speak in sentences
Engages in head banging or rocking
Not toilet trained

48
Q

When to refer stuttering

A

if lasts >6 mo at a time
>6yo
Child avoids speaking

Peds (9 decks)

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