Perifasis- 2 Verbs Flashcards by anne rader

*Volver X + infinitive

(repetition)

Volvieron A trabajar para el mismo tipo. They went back to work for the same guy.

Has vuelto a tener problemas con el coche

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Venir X + infinitive

(result; ended up)

Vinieron X pedirnos los recibos de los últimos dos años.
They ended up asking us for our receipts for the last two years.

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*Terminar X + infinitive

Terminar X + infinitive

(end of an action). Terminé DE trabajar bien tarde. I finished working very late

(Meaning: result) Terminé POR mudarme de casa. I ended up moving to another house.

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Tardar X + infinitive

(To take time)
No tardó EN pedirle explicaciones. It didn’t take long for him to ask for an explanation.

Tardo EN contestar: I was slow in answering

Tardar en llegar: to be late

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Soler + infinitive

(habit)

Suelo leer un periódico cada día.
I usually read a newspaper every day.

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Ponerse X + infinitive

(sudden start of an action)
Se puso A pintar la casa ella sola: She started painting the house herself.

Ponerse: (verb of change) indicates a change of temporary state physical or moods (anímicos)
* De repente, no vio a su hija y se puso histérico
* Cada vez María lo saluda se pone rojo
* Nervioso\a, triste, rojo\a, histérico\a, de buen\mal humor.
* Me pongo nerviosa cuando tango que cocinar para mucha gente.

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Pasar X + infinitive

a
(duration)

Después, pasé A explicarles las condiciones de la renta.
Later, I went on to explain the rental conditions.

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Deber + infinitive

Deber de + infinitive

(Expresses obligation; should have)
Debes terminar temprano.
You have to finish early.

(Expresses supposition)
Debe de tener mucho dinero si usa zapatos así.
He must have a lot of money if he wears shoes like that.

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Haber de + infinitive

Haber que + infinitive

(Expresses obligation)
Has DE terminar temprano.
You have to finish early.

(Expresses obligation)
impersonal and use 3rd person singular form: hay
Hay QUE terminar temprano.
You have to finish early. / One has to finish early

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Poder + infinitive

(Expresses capability or permission)

Ya puedes pagar.
You can pay now.

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Tener que + infinitive

Tener + past participle

(Expresses obligation, necessity or deduction) Tienes que terminar temprano.
You have to finish early. !Tiene que ser mentira! It must be a lie!

(Expresses final states). Tengo leído ya casi todo el libro. I have already read most of the book.

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Acostumbrar x + infinitive

A
(Meaning: habit)

No me acostumbro A dormir con estas almohadas.
I don’t get used to sleeping with these pillows.
No estoy acostumbrada A despertar demasiado tarde

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Cesar X + infinitive

(Meaning: stopping an action)

No cesan DE pedirme consejos.
They don’t stop asking me for advice.

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Comenzar X + infinitive

A
(beginning an action)

Comienza A nublarse; vámonos a casa.
It’s starting to get cloudy. Let’s go home.

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Dar (a alguien) por + infinitive

(Meaning: suddenly starting an action)

Me ha dado por estudiar español.
I fancied/ decided to study Spanish.

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*Dejar de + infinitive

(Meaning: stopping an action)
Deja DE pretender. Stop pretending.

Deje DE estudiar a los dieciséis años.

Echarse A + infinitive

(suddenly starting an action)

Y de repente se echó A llorar
And suddenly she started crying

*Empezar A + infinitive

(Meaning: beginning an action)

La gente empezó a llegar.
People started coming.
Cuando empezaste A trabajar aquí.

Estar a punto de + infinitive

Estar por + infinitive

(just prior / about to)

Estás a punto de terminar la carrera y haces esto.
You’re about to finish university and you do this.

(just prior / about to) Estoy por cumplir cinco años con la empresa. I’m about to have served the company for five years.

Llegar a + infinitive

(Meaning: result)

Llegué a tomar cinco cafés cada día para poder con todo.
I got to where I was drinking five coffees a day to be able to cope with everything

Llegar A un acuerdo: to reach an agreement

Parar DE + infinitive

(Meaning: stopping an action)

No para de llover.
It doesn’t stop raining

Venir + gerund

(action or situation ongoing for a while)

Vienes pidiéndome el aumento desde el año pasado.
You’ve been asking me for the raise from last year

Ir + gerund

(gradual progression of an action)

Voy entendiendo de qué se trata.
I’m getting to understand what it is about.

Andar + gerund

Andar + past participle

(action in progress at the time of or around speaking) No andes diciendo mentiras.
Don’t go around telling lies.

(Expresses emotional states) Ando cansada. I’m tired

Quedar + past participle

(Expresses final states) La sesión queda concluída. The session is concluded.

Continuar + gerund

(Meaning: a continuous, repeated action) Continúa trabajando para su prima. He keeps working for his cousin

Dar por + past participle

(Expresses final states) Doy por terminada la discusión. I consider the discussion finished.

*Seguir + gerund

(Meaning: continuous, repeated action) Sigo viviendo en el mismo barrio. I keep living in the same neighborhood.

*Llevar + gerund Llevar + past participle

(action or situation ongoing for a while)- Te lo llevo diciendo desde que terminamos. Lleva siete años saliendo con Marta (Expresses quantity accumulated so far) Llevo terminada dos de tres planeaciones. I have two plannings out of three done.

Pasar(se) + gerund

Pasar(se) + gerund (Meaning: spend time doing something) Pasa la vida ayudando a los demás. He spends his life helping others.

Estar + gerund Estar + past participle

(action in progress at the time of or around speaking) Estoy leyendo, no me interrumpas. (Expresses resultant states) La ropa está planchada. The clothes are ironed.

*Acabar de + infinitivo Acabar por + infinitivo

(just after) Acabo de comprar una casa. I’ve just bought a house. (result) Acabé por contarle toda la verdad. (I ended up telling him the whole truth.)