Pericardial Diseases Flashcards
Fat outside the parietal pericardium
fat inside the visceral pericardium
pericardial fat
epicardial fat
Sternotomy
motion of heart is altered via cutting of these ligaments
Acute pericarditis
Pericardium is inflamed, and layers rub each other
can lead to pericardial effusion
Pericarditis etiology
Infectious- bacterial (sick, constitutional symptoms), viral, tb
Inflammatory- Lupus, RA, SLE, Dresslers
Uremia
Radiaton
Malignancy
Pericarditis cardiac exam
PAC/PVC, afib possible
Rub= early d (passive filling), atrial kick (active filling), systole
Acute pericarditis labs
Suspect malignancy/infection
Nothing specific
Consider getting ANA, cultures
get pericadiocentesis
Use of echo for pericarditis
may shown pericardial effusion
Mostly- evaluate for CT
Colchicine
Inhibits intracellular granules from secretion which inhibits leukocyte function
Pericardial effusion causes
same as pericarditis
also hemopericardium (trauma), hypo/hyperthyroidism, amyloidosis
CT path
Rate of inc in pericardial effusion exceeds expansion of pericardium
Sudden increase in fluid
Slow accumulation may not cause tamponade
Pulsus paradoxus
Record first heart sound, then disappears
record when consistent
if greater than 10, PP
CT pathophysiology
Pressure exerted on heart, collapses the RA, eventually RV
Decreases filling, decrease SV and CO (hypotension)
Constrictive pericarditis etiology
Radiation Cardiac operation Pericarditis Uremia Neoplasm Sarcoid
Heart in box inspiration
Heart in a box expiration
dec PV pressure, inc VR
Inc PV pressure, dec VR
