Peri-anal fun Flashcards
1
Q
Difference between internal and external haemorrhoids?
A
internal originate above dentate line, external are below
2
Q
Grades of haemorrhoids?
A
I-IV I - non protruding II - protrude of defaecation but reduce spontaneously III - manually reducible IV - irreducible
3
Q
Causes of haemorrhoids?
A
Low fibre diet causing patient to overly strain when having a bowel movement Pregnancy Prolonged sitting on the toilet Obesity Diarrhoea (both acute and chronic) Colon cancer Previous rectal surgery Spinal cord injury and lack of erect posture
4
Q
Sx of haemorrhoids?
A
puritis ani
painless bleeding
soiling in III & IV
pain if thrombosed
5
Q
Tx of haemorrhoids?
A
- lifestyle - soften stool, healthy eating, increased fibre, increased fluids
- analgesia - topical anusol
- O/P - band ligation, injection sclerotherapy
- surgery - large symptomatic haemorrhoids
6
Q
What is an anal fissure?
A
- tear in the lower anal canal between dentate line and the external opening
- pain on defaecation
- Followed by deep pain that may last hours
- small amount of bleeding on toilTx et paper
7
Q
Causes of anal fissures?
A
- Hard stools and constipation
- IBD - fissures, anal abscesses, fistulae
- pregnancy/birthing
- persistent diarrhoea
8
Q
tx of fissures?
A
- stool softener
- botox
- topical anaesthetic
- lifestyle
9
Q
How does an anal fistulae present? Investigated? and treated?
A
- usually as abscess secondary to other GI disease
- endo-ano ultrasound OR MRI to better visual tracts
- surgical excision and drainage + Abx
10
Q
What bacteria cause peri-anal abscess or pilondinal sinus infection?
A
E.Coli or Sauerus
