Gordy Gastritisy Infection Flashcards
1
Q
Define gord.
A
oesophagitis secondary to refluxed gastric content into the oesophagus
2
Q
Causes of GORD?
A
- insufficient oesophageal sphincter tone
- obesity
- pregnancy
- achalasia
- big meals
- smoking, alcohol, fatty meals, coffee
- hiatus hernia
- drugs - TCAs, NSAIDs, bisphosphonates
3
Q
Sx of GORD?
A
- Heart burn - retrosternal pain
- aggravated by bending forward/lying down
- relieved by antacids
- regurgitation of food/acid
- strange taste in mouth
- odynophagia
- cough/wheeze
- chest pain - difficult to differentiate from IHD
4
Q
How do diagnose GORD?
A
- clinical
- trial by PPI
- OGD in certain pts
- gold standard - 24hr oesophageal pH monitoring
5
Q
indications for OGDing patient with GORD?
A
- > 55
- 4/52 Sx despite tx
- dysphagia
- weight loss
- haematemesis
- anaemia
6
Q
Treatment of GORD?
A
- lifestyle - lose weight, smaller meals, cut down triggers
- gaviscon first line
- PPIs next - omeprazole
- H2 antagonist next - ranitidine
7
Q
Surgical intervention for GORD?
A
-Nissen fundoplication
8
Q
Complications of GORD?
A
- oesophagitis
- barrets oesophaus - oesophageal Ca
- ulcers
- anaemia
- strictures
9
Q
Most common causes of gastritis?
A
- H. pylori
- NSAIDs
- alcohol
- autoimmune - pernicious anaemia
10
Q
Sx of gastritis?
A
- GORD
- epigastric pain - intermittent, worse on eating
- loss of appetite - therefore weight
- bloating
- retching, nausea, vomiting
- early satiety
11
Q
Ix for gastritis?
A
- mild = clinical diagnosis
- gastroscopy +/- biopsy
- H. pylori testing
- Barium swallow
12
Q
How do you treat gastritis?
A
- treat like GORD
- lifestyle advice + medication
- Tx cause
13
Q
Acute onset diarrhoea can frequently caused by infection. What are some examples of causative agents and where are they picked up?
A
- viral - rotavirus, norovirus - contact with others affected
- foodborne - bacterial - E.Coli, salmonella
- antibiotic associated - wipe out of normal gut flora
- travel related - giardiasis
- systemic infection - malaria, sepsis
14
Q
Definition of travellers diarrhoea?
A
- 3 or more watery stools in 24hrs
- most common caused by E.coli
15
Q
define food posioning?
A
- acute onset N, V and D after ingestion of a toxin
- commonly S.aureus, C.perfrigens, B.cereus
16
Q
Tell me about C.Diff?
A
- gram +ve rod bacteria
- found in hospital
- normal gut flora supressed
17
Q
How do diagnose C.Diff?
A
-C.diff toxin in stool sample
18
Q
How do treat C.diff?
A
- oral metronidazole 7-10 day
- if fail - oral vancomycin
- if severe - IV metronidazole + oral vancomycin
19
Q
What are the 5 Cs of C.diff?
A
- cefotaxime
- ciprofloxacin
- carbapenem
- clindamycin
- co-amoxiclav
