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NUR 201-Exam 1 > Perfusion-Preeclampsia > Flashcards

Perfusion-Preeclampsia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term used to describe the hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is gone once the placenta is removed?

A

Preeclampsia

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2
Q

When does preeclampsia occur?

A

In the 2nd trimester, after 20wks gestation

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3
Q

What are the two most common symptoms of preeclampsia?

A

HTN and proteinuria

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4
Q

What is the term used to describe protein in the urine that causes damaged kidneys and impaired tissue perfusion?

A

Proteinuria

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5
Q

What two relaxing factors are released to the blood during pregnancy when increased blood volume occurs?

A

Prostacyclin and endothelium

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6
Q

Whats a powerful vasoconstrictor?

A

Angiotensin II

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7
Q

What are blood vessels in the placenta doing during preeclampsia?

A

Not dilating

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8
Q

Who is at risk for getting preeclampsia?

A

The very old (35+) or the very young (primigravida)

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9
Q

Family history, multiple gestation (twins/triplets) and obesity are all what?

A

Risk factors for preeclampsia

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10
Q

An elevated BP (140/90), protein dipstick of 1+ or 2+ and edema are all signs of what?

A

Mild preeclampsia

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11
Q

Fluid being pushed out of vessels from pressure into areas that it does not belong causing edema is known as what?

A

3rd spacing

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12
Q

An elevated BP (160/110 or higher) on 2 occassions 6hrs apart, protein dipstick of 3-4+ on 2 samples 4hrs apart, oliguria (less than 500mL/day) is known as what?

A

Severe preeclampsia

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13
Q

What is the term used to describe separation from the line of uterus which can result of the baby and mother dying?

A

Abruptio-placentae

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14
Q

Increased risk for renal failure, abruptio-placentae, CNS: seizures, ruptured liver, pulmonary edema, and developing HTN later in life are all what?

A

Maternal risks of preeclampsia

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15
Q

SGA, over sedation @ birth, decreased placenta perfusion, chronic hypoxia, and fetal distress are all what?

A

Fetal/neonatal risks

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16
Q

Checking BP qhr, daily weights, deep tendon reflexes, fetal monitoring, IandO, dipstick urine, high protein diet/moderate sodium diet, bedrest, and daily labs are all what?

A

Nursing interventions for preeclampsia

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17
Q

What lab tests are most important in a pt. w/ preeclampsia?

A

BUN/Creatinine

18
Q

What does the deep tendon reflex assess?

A

CNS to see how close to having a seizure and Mg sulfate toxicity

19
Q

What anticonvulsant is the drug of choice for preeclampsia bc it is a CNS depressant?

A

Magnesium Sulfate

20
Q

What antihypertensive is given to a pt. w/ preeclampsia to lower BP?

A

Apresoline

21
Q

What antianxiety is given to a pt. w/ preeclampsia to keeo them calm, but can sedate the baby at birth?

A

Valium

22
Q

What is the term used to describe a med going underneath the skin causing vessel damage, appears red and swollen w/ pain?

A

Vesicant

23
Q

What acts as a CNS depressant by blocking neuromuscular transmission?

A

Mg Sulfate

24
Q

What acts as a smooth muscle relaxant to help reduce BP?

A

Mg Sulfate

25
Q

What is excreted by the kidneys, which is an issue bc the kidney’s are damaged in preeclampsia?

A

Mg Sulfate

26
Q

What is the therapeutic magnesium sulfate levels?

A

4-8

27
Q

At what levels of magnesium sulfate will reflexes start to disappear?

A

9-13

28
Q

At what level of magnesium sulfate will respiratory depression occur at?

A

14

29
Q

At what level of magnesium sulfate will death occur?

A

30

30
Q

How is magnesium sulfate administered initially?

A

4-5g bolus 1st 20min then 1-2g maintenance dose

31
Q

How often should you monitor magnesium levels if a pt is on magnesium sulfate?

A

q6hr

32
Q

What drug is an anecdote to magnesium sulfate and will reverse toxicity of magnesium sulfate?

A

Calcium gluconate

33
Q

How often should you measure IandO if a pt. is on magnesium sulfate?

A

every hour

34
Q

Preeclampsia that progresses to seizures or coma and is characterized by a grand mal seizure or coma is what?

A

Eclampsia

35
Q

What is the only cure to preeclampsia?

A

BIRTH of child

36
Q

What s/s should you be aware of if a pt is on magnesium sulfate?

A

HA, dizziness, SOB, difficulty breathing, painful/swollen IV site

37
Q

Getting lab values especially BUN and creatinine, baseline vital signs, neuro check and intake and output are all what?

A

Key assessments before starting magnesium sulfate infusion

38
Q

Checking respirations frequently, deep tendon reflex, neuro checks, monitoring magnesium levels q6h, assessing IV site frequently and monitoring intake and output hourly are all what?

A

Assessments during the infusion of magnesium sulfate

39
Q

How much output should a pt be putting out hourly?

A

30ml/hr

40
Q

If a pt has low BP what intervention should you do?

A

Lay them supine on their left side for 1hr

NUR 201-Exam 1 (12 decks)

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