Metabolism- Gestational Diabetes Flashcards
What are the 3 most common signs of diabetes?
Polyuria, polydipsea, and polyphagia
When do s/s of gestational diabetes start to occur?
About 20wk, 2nd trimester
When does the baby start doing the most growing and developing of organs?
20 wks
What hormone is produced by the placenta that acts as a growth hormone to help the baby grow, but modifies the moms metabolism and how she processes carbs and lipids?
Human Placental Lactogen (HPL)
What’s the 2nd part complication in gestational diabetes that raises the moms blood glucose levels so the baby gets enough nutrients from the extra glucose in the blood and makes moms body less sensitive to insulin?
Anti-insulin effect of HPL
What disease do pt’s feel weak, have a HA or seizures and feel TIRED in? Tremors/Tachycardia. Irritability. Restlessness. Excessive hunger. Diaphoresis.
Hypoglycemia
What’s a quick way to raise someone’s blood sugar who is hypoglycemic?
15/15 rule. Apple juice or piece of candy
What are hypoglycemic levels?
Less than 70
What are hyperglycemic levels?
Greater than 140
What are normal glycemic levels for a pregnant woman?
70-140
What disease do pt’s feel fatigue, have a fruity breath odor, kussmaul breathing, wt. loss, poor wound healing, dehydration and the 3 P’s?
Hyperglycemia
Advanced maternal age (>35), BMI greater than 29, previous episode of GD, high fat/high glycemic diet, sedentary lifestyle are all what?
Risk factors for GD
By how much should a mom w/ gestational diabetes increase her calorie intake?
300kcal/day
By how much should a mom w/ gestational diabetes increase her protein, fat and carbohydrates intake?
Protein-20%, fat-40%, complex carbs-40%
Increased amniotic fluid, vascular disease, DKA, difficult labor, increase in yeast and UTI infections, neuropathy and retinopathy are all what?
Risks to mom
What other concepts are important to pt. care if a pregnant pt has impaired glucose metabolism?
Nutrition, Acid/Base balance, perfusion, elimination, sensory perception, mobility, infection, teaching and learning, reproduction, growth and development of fetus
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ nutrition?
Poor carb metabolism, wt. loss, constant thirst/hunger
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ acid/base balance?
DKA
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ perfusion?
Increase in macro/micro vascular diseases/damage
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ elimination?
Polyuria, baby can pee in uterus
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ sensory perception?
Neuropathy, retinopathy
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ mobility?
Need to be active
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ infection?
Poor wound healing, increase risk, especially UTI and yeast
Why might a mother w/ impaired glucose metabolism have a problem w/ teaching and learning?
Diet, s/s, when and how to accu check, how to manage glucose levels and insulin therapy
