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Pathophysiology Test 3 > Perfusion I > Flashcards

Perfusion I Flashcards

0
Q

Pulsus Electrical Activity (PEA)

A
  1. Pt has an electrical rhythm but the patient does not have a pulse.
  2. There is a disassociation between the electrical and mechanical parts of the heart
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1
Q

Treatment for Electrical Problems in the Heart

A
  1. Pace Maker
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2
Q

P wave

A
  1. Indicative of atrial function (depolarization)
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3
Q

QRS Wave

A
  1. Indicative of ventricle function

2. Represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations

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4
Q

PR Interval

A
  1. Communication between atrium and ventricle

2. Measure of time from onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activation

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5
Q

PR Interval

-What is represents

A
  1. Represents time necessary for electrical activity to travel from SA node throught atrium, AV node, and His-purkinjee system to activate ventricular myocardial cells
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6
Q

ST Interval

A
  1. Entire ventricular myocardium is depolarized
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7
Q

Cardiac Tamponade

A
  1. Space between the heart sac (pericardial cavity) and the heart muscle fills with fluid
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8
Q

Papillary Muscles

A
  1. Connect heart valves to the wall
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9
Q

Endocarditis

A
  1. Bacteria has high affinity for the borders of the valves because there is not a lot of turbulence in the corners of the valves.
  2. Bacteria can break off and cause micro-emboli’s that can cause strokes or necrosis to areas with fine capillaries
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10
Q

Cardiac Block

A
  1. Atrial and ventricles are not communicating to the PR Interval
  2. Treated with Pace makers for all heart blocks
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11
Q

Left Coronary Artery

A
  1. Perfuses the Left Ventricle
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12
Q

Transmural MI **

A
  1. Causes an ST Elevation **
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13
Q

Intramural MI

A
  1. May have an ST depression
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14
Q

Troponin

A
  1. Intracellular Component of the cell
  2. When there is cellular damage to cardiac muscle, the intracellular contents are spilled into blood.
  3. Troponin in the blood shows that there has been cellular damage and death and troponin (an intracellular) will be released
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15
Q

SA Node

A
  1. Located in the junction between Right Atrium & SVC
  2. Pace maker of the heart
  3. 60-100 BPM
  4. Innervated by both SNS and PNS nerve fibers
18
Q

Bachmann Bundle

A
  1. Conducts the impulse from the SA node to the Left Atrium
19
Q

AV Node

A
  1. Located in the right atrial wall above tricuspid valve
  2. Receive info from SA node
  3. 40-60 BPM
  4. Interacts w/ parasympathetic ganglia -impulse slows through AV
20
Q

Bundle of HIS

A
  1. Located in the posterior border of the inter-ventricular septum
  2. Receives info from AV node
21
Q

Purkinjee Fibers

A
  1. Terminal branches of the right and left bundle branches
  2. Penetrate heart wall to the outer myocardium
  3. Extensive network promotes the rapid spread of the impulse to ventricular apices
26
Q

Myocardium

A
  1. Thickest layer of the heart wall and is composed of cardiac muscle.
  2. Anchored to the heart’s fibrous skeleton
27
Q

Papillary Muscles

A
  1. Extensions of the myocardium that pull the cusps together and downward at the onset of ventricular contraction
  2. Prevent backward expulsion into the aorta
28
Q

Automaticity

A
  1. Property of generating spontaneous depolarization to threshold
  2. SA and AV nodes can generate cardiac action potentials w/out stimulus
29
Q

PNS & the Heart TEST

A
  1. The parasympathetic Nervous system affects the heart through the vagus nerve
  2. Releases acetylcholine and decreases HR
  3. Slows conduction through AV node
  4. Release of Acetylcholine causes coronary vasodilation
30
Q

Coronary Arteries

-Left Coronary Artery

A
  1. Divides into 2 branches
    - Left anterior descending artery
    - Circumflex Artery
31
Q

Left Coronary Artery

-Left Anterior Descending

A
  1. Delivers blood to portions of left and right ventricles
32
Q

Left Coronary Artery

-Circumflex Artery

A
  1. Supplies blood to left atrium and lateral wall of left ventricle
33
Q

Right Coronary Artery

-conus

A
  1. supplies blood to upper right ventricle
34
Q

Right Coronary Artery

-Right Marginal Branch

A
  1. Supplies right ventricle to the apex
35
Q

Right Coronary Artery

-Posterior Descending Branch

A
  1. Supplies smaller branches to both ventricles
36
Q

Posterior Inter-nodal Pathway

A
  1. Connects the right and left atria and the SA node and AV node for conduction from the SA to the AV node

Pathophysiology Test 3 (8 decks)

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