Perfusion Flashcards
What are the risk factors for acute coronary syndrome?
High blood lipids, smoking hypertension, diabetes, obesity, family history, and age
What is the pathophysiology of MIs?
Blockage of coronary artery leads to imbalance in myocardial oxygen supply which leads to myocardium injury or death
What is the difference between STMI and NSTEMI
Stemi is a complete occlusion of the coronary artery that will lead to cell death, while nstemi is blockage of artery without cell death
What is the diagnostic test for stemi and nstemi
12 lead electrocariogram
What are the manifestations of an MI
Chest pain, pain raidates to arms, chest tightness, heaviness, SOB, diaphoresis,
What are the lab values for MIs and which one differed for stemi and nstemi
Troponin, CK-MB, and myoglobin. Troponin levels can tell if its stemi or nstemi
What are the immediate drugs used for acute coronary syndrome?
Oxygen, nitro, aspirin, and morphine
What is the goal for ACS pharmacology and what are drugs used for this?
The goal is to minimize cardiac damage and preserve function of tissue. The drugs used are beta blockers, statins, ace inhibitors, heaprin and clopidogrel
What are treatments for ACS
Bed rest, angiogram/angioplasty, thrombolytic therapy, and cardiac rehab
What is involved in preop care for cardiac catheterization?
procedure education, hold anticoagulants, bed rest, pedal pulses marked,
What is involved in post-op care for cardiac catheterization?
Assessing insertion sites, movement restriction, vitals, and change in meds
What is involved in pacemaker pre-op care?
Education on device and mobility restrictions, telemetry, NPO during day of surgery
What is involved in pacemaker post-op care
Assessing insertion site, vitals, mobility restrictions, monitoring telemetry, and pacemaker
What are the risk factors for heart failure?
Atherosclerosis, smoking, obesity, peripheral vascular disease, sedentary lifestyle, high blood pressure, diabetes
What are the manifestations of heart failure?
SOB, fatigue, confusion, edema
