Performance Flashcards
WHEN IS A RUNWAY CONSIDERED WET?
When the surface is covered by any visible water up to and including 3mm (1/8”) depth.
A damp runway is also considered wet.
Wet figures: screen height reduced to 15 ft and credit for one thrust reverser
WHEN IS A R/WAY CONSIDERED CONTAMINATED?
When more than 25% of it’s surface is covered with:
- a layer of fluid contaminant not considered as thin
(ie dry/wet snow, standing water, slush)
- hard contaminant
(ie compacted snow, ice, wet ice)
WHAT IS THE MINIMUM GO AROUND CLIMB GRADIENT?
2.1% OR the gradient published at the airport
EU-OPS require the minimum as 2.5% with DA heights below 200ft.
IS A FLEX TAKE OFF PERMITTED ON CONTAMINATED R/WAYS?
NO
WHEN WOULD A FLAP 2/3 T/OFF BE CONSIDERED?
PERFORMANCE ON A SHORT OR CONTAMINATED R/WAY
HIGH ALTITUDE OPS
BADLY PAVED R/WAYS, improves comfort and stopping distance.
WHAT IS THE SCREEN HEIGHT IN DRY AND WET?
35ft DRY
15ft WET
SCREEN HEIGHT - clearance at t/off with gear out.
WHAT IS VMCG?
The spd at which control on the ground can be maintained when critical ENG is INOP
WHAT IS THE RCAM AND WHERE CAN IT BE FOUND?
Runway Condition Assessment Matrix
Used for x-wind limits and RWYCC degradation
WHAT IS THE GROSS TAKE-OFF FLIGHT PATH?
Vertical flight path
New aircraft
Test pilots
35 ft and ends at minimum 1500 ft
WHAT IS THE NET TAKE-OFF FLIGHT PATH?
Vertical flight path
Can be expected when in operation with used aircraft
35 ft and ends at minimum 1500 ft
What are the three basic limitations on takeoff performance?
- Field length
- Climb gradients
- Obstacle clearence
The takeoff distance required for a given weight and given V1 is the greater of WHAT three different distances?
- All-engine takeoff distance x 1,15
- One engine inoperative takeoff distance
- One engine inoperative accelerate stop distance
Talk through the 4 climb segments and their requirements
1st segment: starts at screen-height to gear retracted (0 % or positive)
2nd segment: from gear retracted to engine out acceleration (2,4 %)
3rd segment: from engine out acceleration up to clean (positive during flap retraction)
4th segment: from clean and setting MCT to 1500ft or clear of obstacles (1,2 %)
What is the limitation on TOGA-thrust?
Two engines: 5 minutes
Single engine: 10 minutes
How much lower is the net gradient compared to gross gradient? + How much clearence does net gradient must provide?
0,8 % reduction / clear all obstacles with 35 ft
Why do you extend the second segment (higher engine out acceleration or ENG OUT SID)?
What could cause a problem if extending the seconds segment?
To clear a high obstacle in the third or fourth segment
The extension is limited due to limitation on takeoff thrust (10 minutes)
How does the obstacle clearence flightpath extend horizontally after takeoff?
300 ft either side from runway
21,600 ft/6583 m outward cone (0,125 x D)
After that 3000ft either side of centreline (only +/- 0,5 nm!)
WHEN IS A RUNWAY CONSIDERED DAMP?
Surface is not dry, but moisture on the surface does not give a shiny appearence
What is the speed for maximum climb gradient/angle?
What is the speed for maximum rate?
Max climb gradient/angle (Vx): Green Dot (fastest way to reach altitude)
Max rate (Vy): ECON speed with cost index 0 (further distance then max angle in same time period)
What does REC MAX guarantee? (three things)
0,3 g buffet margin
Min roc with max clb thrust
Level with with max crz thrust
What is normal turbulence penetration speed? (depends on altitude)
Where can they be found?
250, 275 or M.76
EQRH
What is the approach climb gradient requirement?
What configuration is it based on?
2,1 % Gross
Based on:
OEI
Gear up
Go around flaps
G/A thrust
What is the landing climb gradient requirement?
What configuration is it based on?
3,2 % Gross
Based on:
All engines operating
Gear down
Landing flaps
G/A Thrust
What is the minimum missed approach gradient (if DH less than 200 ft)? (if not published a higher gradient in plates)
What configuration is it based on?
2,5 % Gross
Based on
OEI
Gear up
Go-around flaps
G/A thrust
What kinds of maximum landing masses can limit the maximum landing mass for dispatch? (5 different)
The least of the:
1. Field limited landing mass
2. Approach climb limited landing mass
3. Landing climb limited landing mass
4. LVP go around climb gradient limited landing mass
5. Structural limited landing mass
Engine failure in go-around, what missed approach should be flown?
Go-around procedure is designed for 1-engine-inoperative
With all engines operating this should not be a problem
With 1-engine-inoperative generally this should not be a problem
If the go-around procedure is very different to the EOSID, then it may be prudent to use EOSID
Some airfields may specify this if terrain clearence is critical (think LYR or INN)
