Perception 3

Question 1

What is the difference between monocular cues and binocular cues

Answer 1

Monocular cues = work with just one eye
Binocular cues = work with both eyes

Question 2

What are the 6 monocular cues?

Answer 2

-Relative height/size
-Occlusion
-Linear perspective
-Texture gradient
-Motion parallax
-Shadows/shading

Question 3

Describe relative height/size

Answer 3

Vertical positioning of different objects within an image, depending on where the base of the image is
For this, we need prior knowledge about the sizing of objects to make judgement

Question 4

Describe occlusion

Answer 4

If there are multiple objects within an image then the ones that are closer away will be more apparent to us and occlude further away ones

Question 5

Describe linear perspective

Answer 5

Perspective causes distortion
Parallel lines seem to no longer be parallel when they are extending away from us in an image

Question 6

Texture gradient

Answer 6

Foreshortening may occur, where circles will become ovals when a surface isn’t surface isn’t straight on an image

Question 7

Motion parallax

Answer 7

When we move through the world, the objects that are closer to us will seem to move past slower than objects that are more in the distance

Question 8

Shadows/shading

Answer 8

Shadows that cast from certain objects can create depth perception
If there is footprints within sand, then the shadowing will tell you how deep the footprints are, but this is susceptible to change due to where the brightness and light source is coming from

Question 9

What are the 2 binocular cues?

Answer 9

-Stereoscopic vision
-Horopter

Question 10

Describe stereoscopic vision

Answer 10

Two eyes will create a slightly different image despite looking at the same object e.g. looking at two index fingers

Question 11

Describe horopter

Answer 11

Looking at different objects, depending on where they are in your vision, will depend which direction they enter your eye and how they enter the retina
Creates corresponding positions
If the objects become closer than horopter the disparities will be crossed and this will cause you to cross your eyes

Question 12

What are the 6 Gestalt principles?

Answer 12

-Proximity
-Similarity
-Common fate
-Good continuation
-Closure
-Symmetry

Question 13

What does proximity refer to?

Answer 13

Things that are close together tend to group together

Question 14

What does similarity refer to?

Answer 14

Things that are similar to each other will group together e.g. triangles and circles
Can be more important than proximity

Question 15

What does common fate refer to?

Answer 15

Things that move together are grouped together e.g. motion images
Doesn’t tend to work by itself and will work alongside proximity

Question 16

What does good continuation refer to?

Answer 16

We group together smooth continuous lines rather than lines that appear to be sharp and rigid

Question 17

What does closure refer to?

Answer 17

Interpret images to be complete figures despite them being incomplete as it makes sense to do so

Question 18

What does symmetry refer to?

Answer 18

Things that appear to be symmetrical will form as groups as they are more orderly and simple