perception

Question 1

experiences resulting from stimulation of the senses.

Answer 1

perception

Question 2

conscious outcome of sense organs and projection regions.

Answer 2

sensation

Question 3

mental representation of a stimulus that is perceived.

Answer 3

percept

Question 4

the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input.

Answer 4

bottom-up processing

Question 5

we interpret sensations influenced by our available knowledge, our experiences, and our thoughts.

Answer 5

top-down processing

Question 6

often don’t perceive stimuli that remain relatively constant over prolonged periods of time.

Answer 6

sensory adaptation

Question 7

can also affect perception

Answer 7

motivation

Question 8

ability to identify a stimulus when it is embedded in a distracting background.

Answer 8

signal detection theory

Question 9

what are the 4 bottom up theories?

Answer 9

direct perception, template theories, feature theories, and recognition-by-components theory

Question 10

information in our sensory receptors, including the sensory context, is all we need to perceive anything.

Answer 10

direct perception

Question 11

suggests that we have stored in our mind’s myriad sets of templates.

Answer 11

template theories

Question 12

Oliver Selfridge’s Pandemonium Model

Answer 12

feature matching/theories

Question 13

The 4 kinds of demons in Selfridge’s Pandemonium Model

Answer 13

image demons, feature demons, cognitive demons, and decision demons

Question 14

Who proposed the RBC Theory in 1987?

Answer 14

Irving Biederman

Question 15

we quickly recognize objects by observing the edges of them and then decomposing the objects into geons.

Answer 15

recognition-by-components theory

Question 16

can be recomposed into alternative arrangements.

Answer 16

geons

Question 17

the 3 stages of visual processing

Answer 17

reception, transduction, and coding

Question 18

absorption of physical energy by receptors

Answer 18

reception

Question 19

translation of physical energy into electrochemical activity

Answer 19

transduction

Question 20

relationship between aspects of the physical stimulus and resultant nervous system activity.

Answer 20

coding

Question 21

curved and transparent structure that serves to provide additional focus.

Answer 21

lens

Question 22

the light sensitive lining of the eye

Answer 22

retina

Question 23

provide tremendous spatial resolution, directly involved in our ability to perceive color.

Answer 23

cones

Question 24

specialized photoreceptors that work well in low light.

Answer 24

rods

Question 25

the transparent covering over the eye.

Answer 25

cornea

Question 26

visible spectrum in humans is associated with wavelengths that range from what?

Answer 26

380 to 740 nm

Question 27

perception of an object remains the same even when our proximal sensation of the distal object changes.

Answer 27

perceptual constancy

Question 28

an object maintains the same size despite changes in the size of the proximal stimulus.

Answer 28

size constancy

Question 29

an object maintains the same shape despite changes in the shape of the proximal stimulus.

Answer 29

shape constancy

Question 30

distance from a surface, usually using your own body as a reference surface when speaking in terms of depth perception.

Answer 30

depth

Question 31

contradictory depth information in different sections of the picture.

Answer 31

impossible configurations

Question 32

represented in just two dimensions and observed with just one eye.

Answer 32

Monocular Depth

Question 33

the receipt of sensory information in three dimensions from both eyes.

Answer 33

Binocular Depth

Question 34

the eye combines two images being viewed by individual eyes.

Answer 34

Stereoscopic Vision

Question 35

may depend upon more than just the distance or depth at which an object is located relative to oneself.

Answer 35

Depth perception

Question 36

Figure is the object or person that is the focus of the visual field, while the ground is the background.

Answer 36

Figure-ground relationship

Question 37

A Gestalt principle for organizing sensory stimuli into meaningful perception.

Answer 37

Proximity

Question 38

to group things in our visual fields.

Answer 38

Similarity

Question 39

to perceive continuous, smooth flowing lines rather than jagged, broken lines.

Answer 39

continuity

Question 40

we organize our perceptions into complete objects rather than as a series of parts.

Answer 40

principle of closure

Question 41

have trouble to perceive sensory information.

Answer 41

Agnosia

Question 42

unable to pay attention to more than one object at a time.

Answer 42

Simultagnosia

Question 43

Also known as “face-blindness”.

Answer 43

Prosopagnosia

Question 44

no color vision at all.

Answer 44

Rod monochromacy/achromacy

Question 45

two of the mechanisms for color perception work, and one is malfunctioning.

Answer 45

Dichromacy

Question 46

trouble seeing greens

Answer 46

deuteranopia

Question 47

blues and greens can be confused, but yellows also can seem to disappear or to appear as light shades of reds

Answer 47

tritanopia

Question 48

This anomaly in color perception are much more common in men than in women, and they are genetically linked.

Answer 48

Color perception deficit