Perception Flashcards
define perception
process of interpreting sensory information
bottom-up
based on sensory input
analyse specific features then combine components into more complex form
EXAMPLE: PARTS OF DOG; DOG
top-down
based on knowledge ad expectation
use prior knowledge and experience to organise and interpret sensations
EXAMPLE: MY PUPPY LUNA; LUNA
3 basic principles to sensation and perception
- no 1-1 correspondence between physical and psychological reality
- they are active processes
- they’re adaptive
Gestalt laws
basic perceptual rules that the brain automatically/unconsciously uses to organise sensory input
law of similarity
if they’re similar, then their grouped together (two different coloured balls in one group)
law of proximity
near each other are grouped together (::: :: :::)
law of good continuation
tend to be organised into continuous lines/patterns rather than being discontinuous (X = / NOT
law of closure
gaps are seen as close, complete, whole figures) (< >)
law of familiarity
form groups if groups appear meaningful/familiar (:D)
law of common fate
things that move together seem to be grouped together
Gestalt principles
exemplify the way the brain organises perceptual experience to reflect the regularities of nature
binocular depth cue - convergence
Eyes angle in and out - brain figures out how
far the object is due to the muscle strain
binocular - retinal disparity
difference between the two retinal images of the same scene
monocular - interposition
one object blocks another
