perceiving objects and scenes Flashcards
structuralism
structuralism distinguishes between sensations and perceptions. structuralism claims that sensations combine to form perceptions
Sensation: elementry processes occur in response to stimulation
perceptions: conscious awareness of objects and scenes
Gestaltism
Gestatism directly contradicts structuralism. The Gestaltists claim that conscious awareness is more than the sum of elementary sensations,
evidence for Gestaltism
Apparent motion: sees two stationary dots flashed in succession, although each dot is stationary, the observer perceives motion, this perception is constructed and NOT present in elementary sensations.
Illusory contours: Illusory contours are seen in locations where there are no physical contours,
Gestalt- Grouping and segregation
grouping is the process by which parts of an image are perceptually bound together to form a perceptual whole.
segregation= process by which parts of a scene are perceptually seperated to form seperate wholes.
Gestalt Grouping- Good continuation
aligned or nearly aligned contours are grouped together to form a single object.
Gestalt Grouping- Pragnanz
- groupings occur to make the resultant figure as simple as possible.
Gestalt Grouping- Similarity
the more similar objects are, the more likely they will be grouped together.
Gestalt grouping- proximity
the closer the dots are, the more likley they will be grouped together.
Gestalt grouping- Common Fate and Common region
things that are moving together in the same way are grouped together.
Common region- elements that are within the same region of space tend to group together.
Gestalt grouping- Uniform connectedness
connected regions with the same visual characteristics (colour) tend to group together.
Gist perception
when a scene is flashed fast, she can gain the overall impression of the scene
