People of the Americas. Myths and Fantastic claims Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Three basic themes:

Hint (E, R, H)

A
  • Evolutionary: First Nations evolved from earlier species of Hominid in the Western Hemisphere
  • Religious: How revelations of the Pre-Columbian colonization of the New World by people of the Biblical tradition advances understanding of God’s historical mission among people.
  • Historical: How, Why, and When ancient civilized explorers colonized the New World before 1492 and how amazing “facts” in the archaeological record, particularly artifacts with fantastic inscriptions on them, explain Pre-Columbian arrivals.
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2
Q

Louis Leakey (E)

A

discoverer of early human remains in Africa.
Suggested pebble tools in Calico Hills CA. site were real.

They were not

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3
Q

Sandia Cave, Hueyatlaco, Calico, Toca da Esperanca (E)

A

Strongly suggest a human presence over 200,000 years ago in the Americas

** Fact check this **

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4
Q

Red Earth, White Lies (Book) - Vine Deloria Jr (E)

A

“We are most probably really talking about the
emergence of several types of modern men on
different continents. We are still at a loss to
explain human origins.”

Heartfelt desire, not sound critical evaluation
of the facts

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5
Q

Ignatius Donnelly (H)

A

rediscovered the Classic myth of Atlantis.

He thought this lost continent was the
source of ancient civilization in both the
Old World and the New World.

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6
Q

The Lost Continent of Mu - Col. James Churchward

A

Continents of Mu and Atlantis subsided in catastrophic explosions of gases trapped in massive, earth-girdling
seams. The map of the world was transformed in a
single destructive event.

Earlier migrants from Mu and Atlantis, and refugees
from the destruction, founded the ancient civilizations of the world.

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7
Q

Churcward’s Diffusionary Map

A

showing locations of artifacts and “inscriptions”
attributed to migrants from Mu: Maya Yucatan,
“Nivens” Discoverer of Mexican Mu Tablets

https://i.imgur.com/knFczIV.png

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8
Q

Mu, bronze figures, Naacal

A

Bronze Figure made over 20,000 years ago! (Not!)
Mu as the Mistress and ruler of the whole earth.
Churchward learned secrets of Mu from an Indian mystic Rishi, who taught him Naacal.

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9
Q

Chuchward’s Alphabetic Table

A

https://i.imgur.com/zojTVYB.png

Churchward’s Alphabetic Table for deciphering
Maya inscriptions found in Central America and
Mexico.

Same for Egyptian Hieroglyphs.

The idea of the great Common Source is the basic
premise of Diffusionary Paradigms for Ancient
Civilization.

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10
Q

W.Niven - Highland Mexico 1921

A

Carved stone tablets “discovered” in
Highland Mexico 1921

A good fraud requires a good adventure story. Stones were discovered in Clay pits near Amantla at a depth of 4 meters.

“Dr. Morley said strange symbols unlike anything he
had ever seen in Mexico or elsewhere.

Churchward says tablets at least 12,000 years old

One of the tablets “symbolizes dual principle of the Creator”

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11
Q

Maya Shell Gorget 1986

A

A Fake Maya Shell Gorget displayed in
1986 at the AMNH, New York.

The glyphs do not form a readable text.

But the “experts” responsible for the
exhibit could not read Mayan glyphs.

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12
Q

Modern THeory of Plate Tectonics (From WHERE to WHERE)

A

From Africa towards Asia over the last 135 million years.

Continental Drift is fantastic and real.

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13
Q

Solutrean People (When, Where)

A

20,000 to 15,000 BP

Western Europe (France and Spain)

Very cold throughout northern hemisphere in late Solutrean times

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14
Q

Solutrean People (Tools, Art)

A

Heat-treated flint to make sophisticated
stone tools

Fine pressure flaking

Finely made, bifacially flaked, symmetrical,
leafs-shaped projectile points

Bas-Relief Art

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15
Q

Dennis Stanford

A

(WIKIPEDIA)

Dennis J. Stanford (born 13 May 1943 in Cherokee, Iowa) is an archaeologist and Director of the Paleoindian/Paleoecology Program at the National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution.

Along with Prof. Bruce Bradley, Stanford is known for advocating the Solutrean hypothesis, which contends that stone tool technology of the Solutrean culture in prehistoric Europe may have influenced the development of the later Clovis tool-making culture in the Americas by way of an earlier trans-atlantic European migration to North America during the Last Glacial Maximum. In 2012, they published details concerning their hypothesis in Across Atlantic Ice: The Origin of America’s Clovis Culture.

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16
Q

Solutrean Hypothesis

A

Some potential sites in east North America
similar to European Upper Paleolithic
Solutrean technology

Similar bifacial technologies (overshot flaking)

Preference for exotic stone of high quality

Similar bone tools

Some similar iconography

17
Q

Comparing Styles

A

Is Style usually a good guide to connections?

Bruce Bradley and Dennis Stanford say the North
American Paleoindian points above look like the
Solutrean Paleolithic European points below.

They draw a link.

https://i.imgur.com/DWl1x5A.png

18
Q

Atlantic Paleomaritime

A

Stanford assumes that Late Pleistocene people in
Europe forced towards coast by climatic deterioration

Developed maritime culture (skin boats)

Ranged increasingly farther along northern Ice
Sheets in search of marine resources

Eventually arrived at Grand Banks, and from their,
entered Maritime Provinces and interior of North
America

19
Q

Skin Boats

A

https://i.imgur.com/BFrmT7X.png

20
Q

Critique of Solutrean Hypothesis

A
  • Solutrean 5,000 years older than Clovis
    * Where were they in the meantime?
  • Lack of archaeological evidence
  • Submerged by Holocene rise in sea level? Skin boats not preserved? Can’t prove your case with negative evidence – bad science
  • Technological difficulty of open ocean travel
  • Norse could barely make it with a much more developed maritime technology

• Similarities between Solutrean and North American
technologies overstated
• Many Solutrean tools forms have no North American equivalents
• What similarities that exist can be explained better through convergence than by common ancestry