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GCSE Geography > People And The Planet- Population Dynamics > Flashcards

People And The Planet- Population Dynamics Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the death rate?

A

The amount of deaths per 1000 of the population.

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1
Q

What is the birth rate?

A

The amount of babies born per 1000 of the population.

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2
Q

What is the population balance?

A

When the birth and death rates are almost equal and the population is level.

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3
Q

What is natural increase or decrease?

A

The difference between the death and birth rate.

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4
Q

What is the fertility rate?

A

The amount of children each women has on average.

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5
Q

What is an immigrant?

A

Someone moving in.

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6
Q

What is emigration?

A

People moving away.

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7
Q

What is the replacement level?

A

The amount of babies needed to be born for the population to stay the same.

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8
Q

Give an example of an anti-Natalist policy?

A

One child policy in China.

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9
Q

What is a Points based migration policy?

A

A migration policy that only allows skilled people in the country.

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10
Q

Why has population increased?

A 
Better medicine 
Introduction of vaccination
Clean drinking water and better sanitation
Better healthcare
More hygienic houses
Better diet
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11
Q

Why has life expectancy decreased in Botswana?

A

HIV and aids

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12
Q

Why are birth rates high in some countries?

A

Women may not be able to take birth control.
Culture may want women to marry young and have children
In developing countries children are economically benefitting.

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13
Q

What sort of countries usually have high brith rates?

A

LEDC’s and developing countries.

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14
Q

Name a country with a declining population.

A

Russia.

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15
Q

Why is Russia’s population falling?

A

Falling life expectancy and birth rates declining.

16
Q

Why are birth rates declining is MEDC’s?

A

Women have access to work and birth control. They have less children as they are economically costly.

17
Q

Why is life expectancy falling in Russia?

A

Because of outward migration and industrial disease.

18
Q

Give an example of a stage 2 country in the DTM?

A

Yemen or LEDC

19
Q

Give an example of a stage 3 country in the demographic transition model?

A

China or NIC

20
Q

Give an example of a stage 4 country in the DTM?

A

Japan, an MEDC

21
Q

Give an example of a stage 5 country?

A

Germany, Italy

22
Q

What is a population pyramid?

A

A graph showing the number of men and women in a population by age.

23
Q

What does a broad peak show on a population pyramid?

A

They have a good life expectancy and dependants.

24
Q

What age does elderly dependants start from?

A

65.

25
Q

The higher the pyramid….

A

The longer people love.

26
Q

What do indents show on a population pyramid?

A

Where the population has been wiped out by famine or war or aids.

27
Q

What do bulges show on a population pyramid?

A

A period of migration or baby boom.

28
Q

What does the population pyramid for a stage 1 country look like?

A

Wide base and narrow apex.

29
Q

What is the calculation for a dependency ratio?

A

Percentage of dependants divided by number of workers.

30
Q

What are the issues of youthful populations?

A 
Pressure on housing. 
Pressure on schooling. 
Pressure on food. 
Pressure on health services. 
More difficult for women to work.
31
Q

What are the advantages of a youthful population?

A

A steady supply of workers
Security and support for old age
Source income for family
Can care for younger children

32
Q

What are the advantages of an ageing population?

A

Tourism from retirees
Spend money in local economy
Do worthwhile tasks
Help raise families

33
Q

What are the disadvantages of an ageing population?

A 
Cost a lot to support
Health care shortages 
Need for special housing
Increase in cost of pensions
Shortages of labour
34
Q

What are the solutions to pension problems?

A

Increase tax
Rae retirement age
Abolish state pension

35
Q

What are the solutions to healthcare shortages in an ageing population?

A

Provide more health care

Skilled health care workers

GCSE Geography (5 decks)

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