people Flashcards
when: Oda Nobunaga
mid 1500s
ruthless ruler who spread his power through most of central Japan in attempt to reunify all of Japan
Oda Nobunaga
when: Toyotomi Hideyoshi
mid 1500s
born as a peasant who did not qualify to become a shogun
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
focused on diplomacy (known for striking deals) and expands his control fo Japan into the West
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
credited with reunifying Japan
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Hideyoshi’s aide:
Tokugawa Ieyasu
realized that leaders need to have hand-picked successors and creates a hereditary shogunate
Tokugawa Ieyasu
creates the post of Prime Minister
Tokugawa Ieyasu
when: Zheng He
late 1300s
where: Zheng He
china
commanded the largest and most powerful maritime forces the world had every seen
zheng He
historical significance of Zheng He:
because his fleets had no competition, he and his fleets were able to explore and go on expeditions to see what else is in the world
hong wu: when
early-late 1300s
Hong Wu: where
china
who was Hongwu?
Ming Emperor
who founded the Ming Dynasty?
Hongwu
historical significance of Hongwu?
Founded the Ming Dynasty which ruled for 300 years. the imperial state he set up lasted until the 20th century
created the Grand Secretariat:
Hongwu
when did Qianlong reign?
mid to late 1700s
who was Qianlong?
one of the Three Emperors who ruled during China’s greatest era
qianlong: historical significance
he was emperor when George McCartney traveled to China in hopes of diplomatic relations
when: Lin Zexu
late 1700s
where: Lin Zexu
CHina
what: Lin Zexu
Lin was an official sent by the emperor to Canton as an imperial commissioner.
historical significance: Lin Zexu
he played a crucial role in the First Opium War and was able to dispose of 20,000 chests of Opium
when: Commodore Matthew Perry
mid 1800s
where: Commodore Matthew Perry
Japan
who: Matthew Perry
commodore of the US Navy
Commodore Matthew Perry did what?
he went to Japan with his feet to propose a treaty of friendship and commercial relations with Japan. After his initial trip, he returned to Japan a year later and got them to sign the Treaty of Kanagawa
historical significance: Matthew Perry
He played a leading role in forcing Japan to open ups and build relations with the western world.
when: Empress Dowager Cixi
mid 1800s- early 1900s
who: Empress Dowager Cixi
she was a Chinese noblewoman/concubine who became regent when her young son became the emperor
historical significance: Empress Dowager Cixi
she controlled the Qing Dynasty for over 45 years, making her one of the most powerful women in Chinese History
what did Empress Cixi do?
She was desperate to maintain Manchu Power (and her own), so she used manipulation and other methods that hurt many of the reforms.
when: Sakamoto Ryoma
mid 1800s
Sakamoto Ryoma: where
Japan
who: Sakamoto Ryoma
low ranking samurai who became an opponent of the Tokugawa Shogunate
Sakamoto Ryoma: Historical significance
he played a vital role in the overthrowing of the Shogunate and the restoration of the Meiji Emperor
When: Li Naosuke
mid 1800s
where: Li Naosuke
Japan
who: Li Naosuke
samurai who entered into politics and became honorary chief councilor
what did Li Naosuke do?
he believed that Japan should develop relations with the West since Japan was not strong enough o defend itself
historical significance: Li Naosuke
he signed the Harris treaty with the US, which allowed Japan to develop relations with the West and modernize quickly
when: Satsuma/Tosa/Choshu
mid 1800s
where: Satsuma/Tosa/Choshu
Japan
who: Satsuma/Tosa/Choshu
three domains who formed an alliance/clique called the Satcho
what: Satsuma/Tosa/Choshu
their goal was to drive out the Tokugawa and restore imperial rule
historical significance: Satsuma/Tosa/Choshu
by 1867, the Tokugawa surrendered, and the Meiji Emperor was restored and had full political power
when: Fukazawa Ukichi
mid-late 1800s
where: Fukazawa Ukichi
Japan to Europe/America
who: Fukazawa Ukichi
Japanese journalist
what: Fukazawa Ukichi
he was sent by the Tokugawa Shogunate to study the industrially advanced countries and keep a journal about everything he saw
historical significance: Fukazawa Ukichi
His work shows the Tokugawa’s realization that they were extremely vulnerable to foreign powers and the pressure they felt to “keep up” with the rest of the world
When: Saigo Takamori
mid 1800s
where: Saigo Takamori
Japan
who: Saigo Takamori
popular low ranking official from Satsuma
what: Saigo Takamori
- upset by modernization and that Japan did not invade Korea
- leaves the Meiji government and leads a rebellion against the Meiji government
historical significance: Saigo Takamori
his rebellion was shut down by the Meiji government, which shows their financial abilities and power. it also shows that violence against the Meiji would not be tolerated. Saigo becomes a nationalist hero in Japan
when: Tsuneno
early 1800s
where: Tsuneno
Japan
who: Tsuneno
Japanese woman who gave up a lot in order to pursue her dream of living in Edo
what: Tsuneno
worked various jobs to survive and entered various relationships
historical significance:
we do not have many stories of “ordinary” women from this time, so Tsuneno’s narrative of hardships, dreams, and rebellion give us an idea of how strong women were in 19th century Japan
when: Yagamata Aritomo
mid 1800s
where: Yagamata Aritomo
Japan
who: Yagamata Aritomo
important military leader and first Prime Minister
what: Yagamata Aritomo
father of Japan’s army: created a defense policy, modeled the army after Germany’s army and the navy after Britain’s army
historical significance: Yagamata Aritomo
freed Japan’s military from revolting civilians and created a plan of national defense
