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BioChem > Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Ch 26) > Flashcards

Pentose Phosphate Pathway (Ch 26) Flashcards

1
Q

Pentose Phosphate Pathway AKA

A

Hexose Monophosphate Shunt

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2
Q

What are the 3 Purposes of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

1 - Makes NADPH
2 - Makes Ribose-5-Phosphate (used in DNA, RNA, ATP, FAD & CoA)
3 - Makes Erythrose-4-Phosphate (used to make amino acids)

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3
Q

What is the 1st purpose of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Makes NADPH

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4
Q

What is the 2nd purpose of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Makes Ribose-5-Phosphate
(used in DNA, RNA, ATP, FAD, CoA)

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5
Q

What is the 3rd purpose of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Makes Erythrose-4-Phosphate
(makes amino acids: Phe, Tyr, Trp)

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6
Q

What 3 major things is Ribose-5-Phosphate used to make?

A

Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP)
- FAD
- CoA

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7
Q

Which 3 Amino Acids are made using Erythrose-4-Phosphate?

A

Phenylalanine (Phe)
Tyrosine (Tyr)
Tryptophan (Trp)

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8
Q

NADPH is a source of _____ ions?

A

Hydride (H-)

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9
Q

Why do humans need NADPH?

A

Is used in several reduction reactions.
NADPH is a source of H- ions.
Reduces Glutathione from Oxidized to Reduced Form which protects against free radicals.

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10
Q

What 2 major parts of the body is glycogen broken down in?

A

Liver
Skeletal Muscle

(releases glucose-1-phosphate)

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11
Q

Glucose-1-Phosphate is convereted into Glucose-6-Phosphate by ___________.

A

phosphoglucomutase

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12
Q

What 3 things can happen to Glucose-6-Phosphate?

A
  • Go through Glycolysis to form Pyruvate
  • Be dephosphorylated to free glucose in the blood
  • Go thrugh the Pentose Phospohate Pathway to make Ribose-5-Phosphate (for nucleotides, FAD, CoA, etc)
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13
Q

What is the only source of energy for RBCs?

A

glucose

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14
Q

What is the major source of fuel for the brain?

A

glucose

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15
Q

What are the 2 Phases of the Penose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Phase 1: Oxidative
Phase 2: Non-Oxidative

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16
Q

What is Phase 1 of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

The Oxidative Phase

Glucose-6-Phosphate is converted into Ribulose-5-Phosphate, releasing 2 NADPH

17
Q

What is Phase 2 of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

The Non Oxidative Phase

18
Q

What happens in Phase 1 (the Oxidative Phase) of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Glucose-6-Phosphate is converted into Ribulose-5-Phosphate

2 NADPH are released

19
Q

How many NADPH are released per Glucose-6-Phosphate oxidized to Ribulose-5-Phosphate?

A

2

20
Q

What important producut is made in Phase 1 of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

NADPH

21
Q

What two important products are made in Phase 2 of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Ribose-5-Phosphate
Erythrose-4-Phosphate

22
Q

Gaining Hydrogens is typically a(n) __________ rxn.

A

Reduction

23
Q

Gaining bonds to Oxygen is normally a(n) ____________ rxn.

A

Oxidation

24
Q

What is the comitted step of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

A

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase

BioChem (7 decks)

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