pentose P pathway, blood glucose, galactoe

Question 1

what is it

Answer 1

• primarily anabolic pathway
• utilize 6 carbos of glucose to generate 5 carbon sugars
• can sometimes completely oxidize glucose to co2 and water

Question 2

primary functions

Answer 2

1. generate reducing equivalents, in frm of NADPH+H+
2. provide cell with ribose-5-phosphate for synthesis of nucleotides and na
3. metabolize dietary pentose sugars from digestion of na, rearrange carbohydrates into glycolytic/gluconeogenic intermediates (not significant)

Question 3

what organs and reactions use ppp

Answer 3

• fa biosynthesis and steroid biosynth use large amnt of NADPH+H+
• cells of liver, adipose tiss, adrenal crtx, testikler, and lactating mammaryglands have high level of ppp enzymes
• erythrocytes use pppp to reduce glutathione

Question 4

Hormones affecting blood glucose

concentration

Answer 4

• adrenalin
• glucagon
• glucocorticoids
• ACTH
• STH
• insulin

Question 5

where do we find glut-1

Answer 5

• erythrcytes

- brain

Question 6

where do we find glut-2

Answer 6

• liver
• kidney
• intestine

Question 7

where do we find glut-3

Answer 7

• brain

Question 8

where do we find glut-4

Answer 8

• muscle
• adipose tissue
• insulin sensitive

Question 9

insulin dependent glucose transporters

Answer 9

• insulin binding to the receptor induce transduction cascade which allows glut 4 to transport glucose to cell

Question 10

lacalization of galactogenesis

Answer 10

• mammay gland - lactose

- bone and cartilage - chondroitin