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1st Repro > Penis/Scrotum Pathology > Flashcards

Penis/Scrotum Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Abnormal opening on the ventral surface of the penis
Due to faulty closure of the **urethral folds **

A

Hypospadias

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2
Q

What is the cause of hypospadias

A

Abnormal opening on the ventral surface of the penis
Due to faulty closure of the **urethral folds **

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3
Q

What is the defect that causes epispadias?

A

Abnormal opening on the dorsal surface of the penis
Due to a defect in the **genital tubercle **

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4
Q

Orifice of the prepuce is too small to retract over the head of the penis and often due to prepuce scarring from prior infection

A

Phimosis

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5
Q

Inflammation/infection of the glans: some redness!!!

Inflammation/infection of the glans and prepuce

A

Balanitis

Balanoposthitis

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6
Q

Usually occurs in uncircumcised males with poor hygiene
Accumulation of smegma leads to infection.

A

Balanoposthitis

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7
Q

Causes of Balanoposthitis

A

Candida, pyogenic bacteria, and anaerobes Inflammatory scarring may produce an acquired phimosis.

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8
Q

Has a glassy dermis with keratin on top

There is inflammation below the dermis

A

Balantis Xerotica Obliterans

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9
Q

A type of fibromatosis, Painful contractures of the penis, May cause infertility

A

Peyronie’s disease

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10
Q

Bowen’s disease

Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Bowenoid papulosis

all examples of :

A

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (CIS)

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11
Q

Involves the shaft of the penis and scrotum

Patients usually over 35 years old Association with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18

Precursor for invasive squamous cell carcinoma (∼10% of cases) Association with other types of visceral cancer

A

Bowen’s disease (Leukoplakia)

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12
Q

Bowen’s disease:

Involves the :

Patients usually over 35 years old Association with :

A

shaft of the penis and scrotum

human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18

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13
Q

Redness located on the mucosal surface of the glans and prepuce
HPV type 16 association
Precursor for invasive squamous cell carcinoma

A

Erythroplasia of Queyrat

*Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (CIS)

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14
Q

Multiple pigmented reddish brown papules on the external genitalia
Association with HPV type 16
Does not develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma
Is only CIS, with no predisposition for invasion

A

Bowenoid papulosis

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15
Q

Does not develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma

Is only CIS, with no predisposition for invasion

A

Bowenoid papulosis

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16
Q

See koilocytes invade skin

A

HPV; bad is type 16

17
Q

Most common cancer of the penis Usually affects men 40 to 70 years old Most common sites: Glans or mucosal surface of prepuce

A

Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma

18
Q

Bad shit associated with invasive squamous cell carcinoma

A

HPV type 16, 18 association in two-thirds of cases

Smoking may act as a cocarcinogen with HPV.

19
Q

Risk factors for invasive sq cell carcinoma

A

Lack of circumcision

Greatest risk factor: Bowen’s disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat

20
Q

Where does invasive sq cell carcinoma met to?

A

Metastasizes to inguinal and iliac nodes

21
Q

Sq cell carcinoma fills ______ tissue but does not invade corpus cavernosum

A

subepithelial tissue

22
Q

Scrotum :Skin afflictions are usually the result of contact with penile skin and include

A

HPV infection and squamous cell carcinoma

23
Q

An abnormal enlargement of the vein that is in the scrotum draining the testicles.

A

Varicocele

24
Q

Most common cause of left-sided scrotal enlargement in an adult “Bag of worms” appearance

A

Varicocele

25
Q

Left spermatic vein drains into the______

Increased resistance to blood flow
Blockage of left renal vein can also produce a varicocele.

Example-renal cell carcinoma invading renal vein

A

left renal vein

26
Q

Right spermatic vein drains into the ______

Blockage of right spermatic vein produces right-sided varicocele.

Example-retroperitoneal fibrosis

A

vena cava

27
Q

Very common cause of infertility
Heat decreases spermatogenesis.

A

Varicocele

28
Q

Accumulation of fluid around the testis, due to fluid secreted into a potential space called the tunica vaginalis (TV). The TV is derived from extension of peritoneum wrapped around the testis.

A

Hydrocele

29
Q

Most common cause of scrotal enlargement

Common problem among bike riders

Diagnosis:
Ultrasound distinguishes fluid in the TV versus a testicular mass causing scrotal enlargement.

A

Hydrocele

30
Q

Other fluid accumulations in a hydrocele

A

: Hematocele contains blood. Spermatocele contains sperm.

31
Q

Treatment for hydrocele

A

: Hydrocelectomy: removal of TV

32
Q

Hydrocele

Accumulation of fluid around the testis, due to fluid secreted into a potential space called the _________ The TV is derived from extension of peritoneum wrapped around the testis.

A

tunica vaginalis (TV).

1st Repro (16 decks)

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