Penis Flashcards
What is a hypospadis and what causes it?
Opening of the urethra on inferior surface of penis. Due to failure of uretheral folds to close.
What is a epispadis and what causes it? What is associated with?
Opening of the urethra on the superior surface of penis. Due to abnorml positioning of the genital tubercule. Associated with bladder exstrophy.
What is a condyloma acuminatum? What causes it and what is seen on histology?
Benign warty growth on genital skin. Due to HPV type 6 or 11. Characterized by koilocytic change
What is lymphogranuloma venerum? What causes it? What does it lead to?
Necrotizing granlomatous inflammation of the inguinal lymphatics and lymph nodes. Sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamidya trachomatis (serotypes L1- L3). Eventually heals with fibrosis. Perianal involvement may result in rectal stricture.
What is squamous cell carcinoma and what are two risk factors?
Malignant proliferation of squamous cells of penile skin. Risk factors 1. High risk HPV (2/3 of cases) and 2. Lack of circumcision makes Foreskin into infection nidus
What are precursor lesions for squamous cell carcinoma?
Bowen disease, Erytrhoplasia of Queyrat and Bowenoid papulosis
What is Bowen disease and how does it present?
In situ carcinoma of the penile shaft or scrotum that presents as leukoplakia.
What is Erythroplasia of Queyrat and how does it present?
In situ carcinoma on the glans that presents as erythroplakia
What is Bowenoid papulosis and how does it present? Does it progress to invasive carcinoma?
In situ carcinoma that presents as multiple reddish papules. Seen in younger patients (around 40s). Does not progress to invasive carcinoma.
What is Erythroplasia of Queyrat and how does it present?
In situ carcinoma on the glans that presents as erythroplakia
