Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 Clinical Debrief > Penicillin Antibiotics > Flashcards

Penicillin Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

How do penicillins work?

A

They interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name 6 of the common penicillins / penicillin combinations

A
  • Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin)
  • Penicillin v (phenoxymethylpenicillin)
  • Ampicillin / Amoxicillin
  • Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav)
  • Piperacillin + tazobactam
  • Flucloxacillin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is penicillin G (benzylpenicillin) indicated for?

A
  • Gram positive streptococci (chest infection, throat infection, endocarditis, cellulitis)
  • Meningococcus
  • Diphtheria
  • Anthrax
  • Leptospirosis
  • Lyme Disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is penicillin v (phenoxymethylpenicillin) indicated for?

A
  • Prophylaxis for individuals with a splenectomy or hyposplenism
  • Rheumatic heart disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is ampicillin / amoxicillin indicated for?

A

Amino acid side chain extends penicillin spectrum to include enterobacteria (but with decreased activity against gram positive) including

  • Upper respiratory tract infection
  • Sinusitis
  • Chest infections
  • Otitis media
  • Urinary tract infection
  • H. pylori
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav) indicated for?

A

This is used if there is resistance to narrower-spectrum antibiotics

  • Chest infections
  • Pyelonephritis
  • Cellulitis
  • Bone infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is piperacillin + tazobactam indicated for?

A

This is used as a broad spectrum for gram positive, gram negative and pseudomonas

  • Neutropenic sepsis
  • Hospital acquired infections
  • Complicated infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is flucloxacillin indicated for?

A 
It is β-lactamase resistant 
It is indicated for staphylococcus infections
- Skin infections
- Bone infections
- Post viral pneumonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is diptheria?

A

It is a strain of bacteria that causes serious infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is anthrax?

A

It is a strain of bacteria that causes serious infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Leptospirosis?

A

It is an infection you can get from animals, but is rare in the UK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is lyme disease?

A

Lyme disease is an infection that is spread to humans via ticks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the considerations for penicillin G?

A
  • Give it via IV as there is a poor oral absorption

- Adjust dose depending on GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the side effects of penicillin G?

A
  • Allergy
  • Rash
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Clostridium difficile infection
  • Cholestasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the considerations for penicillin V?

A
  • Oral bioavailability may vary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the considerations for ampicillin/amoxicillin?

A
  • Ampicillin is by IV
  • Amoxicillin is by mouth
  • Adjust dose depending on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
17
Q

What are the side effects for ampicillin/amoxicillin?

A

Side effects same as penicillin G, but also includes Epstein-Barr virus alongside the rash.

  • Allergy
  • Rash with Epstein-Barr virus
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Clostridium difficile infection
  • Cholestasis
18
Q

What are the considerations for

amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav)?

A

Adjust dose depending on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

19
Q

What are the side effects for

amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav)?

A

Side effects are the same as amoxicillin.

  • Allergy
  • Rash with Epstein-Barr virus
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Clostridium difficile infection
  • Cholestasis
20
Q

What are the considerations for piperacillin + tazobactam?

A
  • Tazobactam has decreased penetration of the blood brain barrier
  • Adjust dose depending on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
21
Q

What are the side effects for piperacillin + tazobactam?

A

Side effects are same as penicillin G but also includes myelosuppression with prolonged use (but is rare)

  • Allergy
  • Rash
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Clostridium difficile infection
  • Cholestasis
  • Myelosuppression with prolonged use (but is rare)
22
Q

What is myelosuppression?

A

It is a decrease in bone marrow activity resulting in reduced production of blood cells

23
Q

What are the considerations for flucloxacillin?

A

Adjust dose depending on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

24
Q

What are the side effects of flucloxacillin?

A

Allergy
Rash
Nausea and vomiting
Cholestasis

Year 3 Clinical Debrief (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions