Pelvis - Reproductive Organs

Question 1

When male hormones are present, the _____ system persists

Answer 1

wolffian

Question 2

When male hormones are not present, ____ ducts persist

Answer 2

mullerian

Question 3

The external genitalia are similarly bipotential until the ____

Answer 3

8th week

Question 4

Sexual differentiation under normal circumstances is under the control of 35 kb region of the Y chromosome known as the ____

Answer 4

SRY gene

Question 5

The female breast is made up of the mammary gland, a modified sweat gland within the ____ tissue layer

Answer 5

subcutaneous

Question 6

The areola contains ____ glands whose oily secretions lubricate the area during nursing.

Answer 6

sebaceous

Question 7

Two parts of the mammary glands

Answer 7

The parenchyma which produces milk.
The stroma which is a fibrous framework that separates the lobules and supports the lobes.

Question 8

Three parts of the parenchyma

Answer 8

• lobules which contain alveoli lined with secretory cells
• Lactiferous ducts drain each lobule and open at the nipple
• lactiferous sinus where a small amount of milk is stored in lactating females.

Question 9

What attaches the stroma to the overlying dermis of the skin?

Answer 9

suspensory (Cooper) ligaments

Question 10

What is the retromammary space?

Answer 10

a layer of loose connective tissue that separates the breast from the underlying fascia of the pectoralis major m. and allows movement of the breast on the thoracic wall.

Question 11

What % of breast lymphatic vessels drain into the axillary lymph nodes?

Answer 11

75%

Question 12

The pelvic region includes what:

Answer 12

the pelvic cavity (the bowl-shaped space enclosed by the bony pelvis), and the perineum (the diamond-shaped area inferior to the pelvic floor and between the upper aspects of the thighs)

Question 13

The ____ is the space inferior to the pelvic floor, and is divided into the ___ and ___ triangles

Answer 13

perineum; urogenital and anal

Question 14

What does the pereneal membrane do?

Answer 14

• Separates the urogenital triangle into the deep and superficial perineal spaces
• It forms a platform for attachment of the cavernous bodies of the external genitalia

Question 15

Three muscles of the perineum

Answer 15

Bulbospongiosus m.
Ischiocavernosus m.
Superficial transverse perineal m.

Question 16

The muscles of the perineum are innervated by the _____

Answer 16

pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

Question 17

Organ of incubation and parturition

Answer 17

Uterus

Question 18

Organ of copulation and parturition

Answer 18

Vagina (upper portion)

Question 19

The _____ attaches the ovary to the supralateral aspect of the uterus

Answer 19

ligament of the ovary

Question 20

The ____ suspends the ovary from the posterior part of the broad ligament.

Answer 20

mesovarium

Question 21

The _____ encloses the ovarian vessels and nerves with a fold of peritoneum.

Answer 21

suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 22

Venous network that drains the ovary

Answer 22

Pampiniform plexus

Question 23

The normal sites of fertilization & most common sites of ectopic pregnancies

Answer 23

Uterine Tubes

Question 24

Four parts of the uterine tubes

Answer 24

• The uterine part: passes through the wall of the uterus
• The isthmus: the narrowest part
• The ampulla: the longest and widest part
• The infundibulum: fingerlike fimbriae that surround the ovary

Question 25

normally the site where fertilization occurs

Answer 25

Ampulla

Question 26

the site of implantation of the fertilized egg, subsequent development of the embryo, and parturition of the fetus

Answer 26

Uterus

Question 27

Two parts of the Uterus

Answer 27

- Body: includes fundus (uppermost part) and isthmus (narrow segment that extends into the cervix) - Cervix: the least mobile part of the uterus. The lower ⅓.

Question 28

Normal position of the uterus

Answer 28

anteflexed and anteverted.

Question 29

Uterine Ligaments

Answer 29

Broad Ligament Round Ligament Cardinal LIgament Uterosacral ligament

Question 30

double fold of peritoneum that extends from each side of the uterus to the walls of the pelvis.

Answer 30

Broad Ligament

Question 31

Structure that originates near the fundus, passes through the deep inguinal rings and inguinal canal, and inserts in the labia majora.

Answer 31

Round Ligament

Question 32

Ligament that connects the uterine cervix to the pelvic wall

Answer 32

Cardinal Ligament

Question 33

primary blood supply to the uterus

Answer 33

uterine artery

Question 34

Ligament that connects the uterine cervix to the sacrum

Answer 34

Uterosacral ligament

Question 35

The vagina is a _____ tube that extends from the cervix to the vaginal orifice

Answer 35

fibromusclar

Question 36

Recess that surrounds the lower cervix as it protrudes into the upper vagina.

Answer 36

vagina fornix (There are anterior, lateral, and posterior regions)

Question 37

Structure where production of mucoid secretions occurs

Answer 37

Greater and lesser vestibular glands

Question 38

The labia majora is a continuation of the

Answer 38

Mons pubis

Question 39

The clitoris is a highly sensitive erectile organ at the anterior junction of the _____

Answer 39

labia minora

Question 40

Corpora cavernosa join to form the body of the ____

Answer 40

clitoris

Question 41

The ____ of the vagina is a space surrounded by the labia minora

Answer 41

vestibule

Question 42

The ____ at the top of the clitoris is the most sensitive part

Answer 42

glans

Question 43

_____ glands lie under the posterior end of the vestibular bulbs

Answer 43

Greater vestibular (Bartholin’s)

Question 44

is continuous with the deep membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen and with the superficial fascia of perineum. (Scrotum)

Answer 44

Dartos fascia

Question 45

___ Is an extension of dartos fascia divides the scrotum into right and left compartments.

Answer 45

Scrotal raphe

Question 46

Three parts of the penis

Answer 46

Root body glans penis

Question 47

The spongy urethra enters the _____ on its dorsal surface.

Answer 47

Bulb of the penis

Question 48

The corpora cavernosa is a continuation of the _____, are on the dorsal side

Answer 48

crura

Question 49

Corpus spongiosum is a continuation of the _____, is transversed by the _____

Answer 49

bulb; penile urethra

Question 50

The glans penis is an expansion of the distal end of the ______

Answer 50

corpus spongiosum

Question 51

The ____ overhangs the distal ends of the corpora cavernosa

Answer 51

corona

Question 52

Arterial to venous flow of the penis

Answer 52

ADD

Question 53

The prostate is an accessory reproductive gland that produces ___% of the seminal fluid

Answer 53

25

Question 54

The ____ are convoluted tubules that produce 70% of the seminal fluid

Answer 54

seminal glands

Question 55

The ___ forms at the deep inguinal ring, goes through the canal, exits at the superficial inguinal ring.

Answer 55

spermatic cord

Question 56

Fascial layers around the spermatic cord (same as those around the testes)

Answer 56

- Internal spermatic fascia from the transversalis fascia - Cremaster muscle and fascia from the internal oblique muscle and fascia - External spermatic fascia from the external oblique fascia

Question 57

structures that produce spermatozoa and secrete testosterone

Answer 57

Testes

Question 58

The ____ (an extension of the peritoneum) forms a closed sac around the testis, surrounding it on all sides except the posterior section

Answer 58

tunica vaginalis

Question 59

Each testis is surrounded by the ____, a tough capsule of connective tissue.

Answer 59

tunica albuginea (It invaginates to separate the testis into 200+ lobules)

Question 60

Sperm are produced in the _____, which are highly coiled tubules within the lobules

Answer 60

seminiferous tubules

Question 61

The tail of the epididymis is continuous with the _____

Answer 61

ductus deferens

Question 62

muscular tube that transmits sperm from the scrotum to the pelvis

Answer 62

ductus deferens

Question 63

Ductus deferens joins with the duct of the seminal glands to form the ____

Answer 63

ejaculatory duct

Question 64

What is a hydrocele?

Answer 64

an opening in the processus vaginalis where excess peritoneal fluid can accumulate.

Question 65

What is a Varicocele?

Answer 65

a dilatation of the pampiniform venous plexus and the internal spermatic vein, often described as a "bag of worms"