Pelvis Overview

Question 1

Pelvic inlet (brim)

Answer 1

Separates false (greater) from true (lesser) pelvis. 
Boundaries: sacral promontory, margin of ala, and linea terminalis (pubic crest, pecten pubis, arcuate line)

Question 2

Pelvic outlet

Answer 2

Separates true pelvis from perineum via pelvic diaphragm.

Boundaries: pubic symphysis, ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament, coccyx

Question 3

Pelvic fractures (weak points)

Answer 3

pubic symphysis, acetabulum

Question 4

Android pelvic girdle

Answer 4

most common male shape (heart-shaped)

Question 5

Gynecoid pelvic girdle

Answer 5

most common female shape (oval)

Question 6

Anthropoid pelvic girdle

Answer 6

exaggerated A-P diameter

Question 7

Platypelloid pelvic girdle

Answer 7

Exaggerated lateral diameter

Question 8

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 8

Anterior portion (between auricular surfaces) is synovial
Posterior portion (between tuberosities) is syndesmosis

Attaches lower limb to axial skeleton

Question 9

anatomical conjugate diameter (pelvic inlet)

Answer 9

sagital plane: sacral promontory to top of pubic symphysis

Question 10

diagonal conjugate (pelvic inlet)

Answer 10

sagital plane: sacral promontory to bottom of pubic symphysis

Question 11

obstetric conjugate (pelvic inlet)

Answer 11

sagital plane: sacral promontory to middle of pubic symphysis
shortest fixed distance of pelvic inlet

Question 12

oblique measurement (pelvic inlet)

Answer 12

sacroiliac joint on one side to iliopectineal eminence of opposite side

Question 13

transverse measurement (pelvic inlet)

Answer 13

arcuate line to arcuate line

Question 14

transverse measurement (pelvic outlet)

Answer 14

ischial tuberosity to ischial tuberosity

Question 15

A-P measurement (pelvic outlet)

Answer 15

pubic symphysis to tip of coccyx

Question 16

Branches from anterior division of internal iliac a. (female)

Answer 16

1. umbilical a.
2. obturator a.
3. uterine a. (directly sup. to ureter)
4. vaginal a. (directly inf. to ureter)
5. inferior vesical a. (inconstant)
6. middle rectal a.
7. inf. gluteal a. (exit pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, inf. to piriformis)
8. internal pudendal a. (exit pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, inf. to piriformis, reenters perineum through lesser sciatic formamen)

Question 17

Branches from posterior division of internal iliac a.

Answer 17

1. iliolumbar a.(ascends out of pelvis)
2. lateral sacral aa.
3. superior gluteal a. ( exits pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, sup. to piriformis)

Question 18

Branches from anterior division of internal iliac a. (male)

Answer 18

1. umbilical a. (gives rise to a. of ductus deferens)
2. obturator a.
3. inf. vesical a. (takes place of uterine and vaginal aa.)
4. middle rectal a.
5. inf. gluteal a.
6. internal pudendal a.

Question 19

iliolumbar a. anastomoses with

Answer 19

lumbar aa. and deep circumflex iliac. a.

Question 20

uterine a. anastomoses with

Answer 20

ovarian a.

Question 21

a. of ductus deferens anastomoses with

Answer 21

testicular a.

Question 22

middle/inf. rectal aa. anastomose with

Answer 22

sup. rectal a. (from SMA, abdominal aorta)

Question 23

inf. gluteal a. anastomoses with

Answer 23

deep femoral branches

Question 24

lateral sacral aa. anastomose with

Answer 24

median sacral a. (from abdominal aorta)

Question 25

Boundaries of perineum

Answer 25

pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments, coccyx (same as pelvic outlet)

Question 26

Urogenital triangle (anterior)

Answer 26

ischial tuberosities to pubic symphysis, contains external genitalia and urethra

Question 27

Anal triangle (posterior)

Answer 27

ischial tuberosities to coccyx, contains anal canal

Question 28

Camper’s fascia

Answer 28

abdomen: superficial fatty layer
female UG triangle: fatty tissue of labia majora and mons pubis
male UG triangle: replaced with Dartos muscle in scrotum
anal triangle: ischioanal fat pad

Question 29

Scarpa’s fascia

Answer 29

abdomen: superficial membranous layer
female UG triangle: Colle’s fascia
male UG triangle: Colle’s fascia, membranous layer of Darto’s fascia in scrotum and penis
anal triangle: none

Question 30

Superficial space

Answer 30

between Colle’s fascia (inf.) and perineal membrane (sup.), contains muscles, external genitalia, erectile tissue

Question 31

Deep space

Answer 31

between perineal membrane (inf.) and pelvic diaphragm (sup.), contains muscles of UG diaphragm

Question 32

Branches of internal pudendal a.

Answer 32

1. inferior rectal a.
2. perineal a. (supplies superficial space)
3. a. of bulb (of the vestibule (f))
4. deep a. of penis (clitoris)
5. dorsal a. of penis (clitoris)

Question 33

Branches of pudendal n. (S2-4)

Answer 33

1. inferior rectal n. (to anal triangle)
2. perineal n. (superficial and deep br., all motor inn. to UG triangle)
3. dorsal n. (sensory to penis or clitoris)