Pelvis And Perineum Flashcards
Bones of pelvis
Sacrum (5)
Coccyx (4)
Hipbone (2)
Hip bone bones, what’re they joined by
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Joined by triradiate cartilage, ossifies later in life
Joints in pelvis
Lumbosacral
Sacroiliac
Sacrococcygeus
Pubic symphysis
Orientation of pelvis
Anteriorly inferiorly inclined
ASIS + pubic symphysis on same plane
Angle of inclination if sacral Promontory and upper margin of pubic symphysis = 55
Angle of inclination of tip of coccyx and lower margin of pubic symphysis = 15
Pubic tubercle vs crest
Tubercle : pointy thing
Crest: more medial
Pelvic inlet vs brim
Brims the bony rims that make up the inlet
Inlet and outlet boundaries
Inlet : pubic symphysis / ilium/ sacral promontory
Outlet: ischial tuberosities/ coccyx / pubic symphysis
How to get obstetric conjugate
Put left hand up vag to touch sacral promontory
Put right hand on start of left
Measure distance (diagonal conjugate)
Obstetric conjugate = diagonal conjugate - 1.5
Types of hip shapes , characteristics , implications
Android (M): short AP + short transverse
Gynecoid (F): Long AP +Long transverse
Anthropoid (F, no vaginal delivery): Long ap + short transverse
Platypelloid (F, no vaginal delivery): short AP + Long transverse
In females, which pouch is more likely to collect infection
Rectovesicle instead of Rectouterine
Pelvic floor/diaphragm function
What’d happen without it
Supports pelvic organs and separates perineum from pelvic cavity
Incontinence / prolapse
Muscles in superficial pouch
Perineal body
Ischiocavernosus
Bulbospongiosus
Transverse perineal
Parts of deep and superficial perineal pouches
Deep pouch: superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm/ deep pouch muscles ( deep transverse perineal muscle + external urethral sphincter + sphincter urethrovaginalis + compressor urethrae) / perineal membrane
Superficial pouch : perineal membrane / superficial pouch muscles / superficial membranous fascia
Ischioanal fossa shape and path
Wedge shaped
Bifurcate towards front
Where does testes develop from, what’s condition for undescended testes
From PAW (retroperitoneal) Cryptochidism