Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Functional Anatomy > Pelvis and Hip > Flashcards

Pelvis and Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the pelvis and hip?

A

-primary function is power production during closed kinematic chain activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 main pelvis functions?

A
  • provide stable base for heads, arms, trunk
  • contain and support visceral organs
  • transmit and absorb forces
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T or F: The femoral head is angled inferiorly, medially, and anteriorly

A

False: The femoral head is angled superiorly, medially, and posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the Center Edge Angle

A
  • a biomechanical angulation of the acetabulum
  • it is the angle formed between the lateral and vertical rim of acetabulum
  • measures inferior tilt of acetabulum
  • is in the frontal plane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the Acetabulum Anteversion Angle

A
  • a biomechanical angulation of the acetabulum
  • measures anterior orientation of acetabulum
  • angle between rim margins and sagittal plane
  • originates at posterior rim
  • is in transverse plane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the Angle of Inclination

A
  • a biomechanical angulation of the femur
  • femoral head/neck : shaft angle
  • medial angulation of shaft to align head & condyles
  • is in the frontal plane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T or F: The greater trochanter should lie level with the center of the femoral head

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Angle of Inclination Pathologies (2)

A 
Coxa Valga
- excessive angle
- leg appears longer
- weaker abdutors
Coxa Vara
- reduced angle
- predispose to fracture
- common later in life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the Angle of Torsion

A
  • a biomechanical angulation of the femur
  • between axis through head/neck and an axis through distal condyles
  • medial twist of the shaft
  • is in the transverse plane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

An anteverted angle of torsion results in: toes out or toes in

A

toes in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An retroverted angle of torsion results in: toes out or toes in

A

toes out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T or F: Angle of torsion increases with age

A

False. Angle of torsion decreases with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The Hip Joint

  • joint type
  • DOF
A
  • multiaxial ball and socket joint
  • synovial
  • 3 DOF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The hip is highly congruent or has low congruency

A

High congruency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T or F: The acetabulum has no contact with the femoral head

A

True. There is a fat pad in between.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The femoral head is larger or smaller than the acetabulum

A

Larger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The hip joint osteokinematics: Open Kinematic Chain

  • which part moves on which?
  • actions
  • planes
  • end feels
A
  • Hip motion on pelvis
  • Flex/ex, sagittal plane, soft tissue or stretch/capsular
  • Ab/ad, frontal plane, capsular/soft tissue
  • ER/IR, transverse plane, capsular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The hip joint osteokinematics: Closed Kinematic Chain

  • which part moves on which?
  • actions
  • planes
A
  • Pelvis moves on hip
  • Anterior/Posterior tilt, sagittal plane
  • Lateral up/down tilt, frontal plane
  • Protraction (anterior)/ Retraction (posterior) tilt, transverse plane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T or F: The ipsilateral hip is the pivot point/axis for lateral tilt and protraction/retraction for pelvis motion on femur

A

False. The contralateral hip is the pivot point for both pelvic motions on femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is Pelvic Inclination

A
  • a line between PSIS and foremost pubic symphysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the anatomical axis when the hip is moving on pelvis

A
  • line through the shaft
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the mechanical axis when the hip is moving on the pelvis

A
  • line connecting joint centers (hip and knee)

- axis for rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The hip resting posting

A

30 degrees flexion, 30 degrees abduction, slight ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The hip close packed position

A

full extension, external rotation, and abduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The hip acetabular labrum - nerves - vascularity
- free nerve endings and sensory receptors in superficial layer of labrum (proprioceptive and pain) - vascularized from joint capsule
26
3 major bursae of the hip joint
- iliopectineal bursa - iliospsoas bursa - trochanteric bursa
27
The hip joint capsule - proximal attachments - distal attachements
- proximal: acetabulum, labrum, transverse ligament | - distal: above trochanteric crest and intertrochanteric line
28
3 strong ligaments that support the hip
- iliofemoral - ischiofemoral - pubofemoral
29
Iliofemoral ligament - covers what part of hip? - function - upper fibres stretched by? - lower fibres stretched by?
- covers hip anteriorly and superiorly - prevents excess hip extension ('screws' f. head into acetab) - maintains upright posture of the hip - prevents posterior hip motion while standing and hyperextension - upper fibres stretched by adduction w extension + ER - lower fibres stretched by abduction w extension + ER
30
Which of the main 3 hip ligaments is the weakest?
Ischiofemoral
31
Ischiofemoral ligament - covers what part of hip? - function
- covers posterior and inferior hip | - prevents hyperextension, abduction, and IR
32
Pubofemoral ligament - covers what part of hip? - function
- covers anterior and inferior hip | - prevents over abduction, limits extension and ER
33
Ligamentum teres/capitus | - function
- guide for obturator artery and nerves
34
T or F: Most anterior muscles are flexors and are innervated by femoral nerve
True
35
Hip flexors primarily move limb in OKC or CKC by advancing the lower extremity
OKC
36
Most medial muscles are __ductors are innervated by the ____ nerve
Adductors, obturator nerve
37
Most anterior?/posterior? muscles are extensors and innervated by the ____ nerve
Posterior muscles, sciatic nerve
38
T o F: The lateral rotators of the hip are known as the 'rotator cuff' of the hip
True
39
T or F: There are 5 specific medial rotators of the hip
False. There are no specific medial rotators of the hip
40
The most important/powerful hip flexor is:
Iliopsoas
41
The only hip flexor that crosses the knee is:
Rectus Femoris
42
When is rectus femoris in muscular insufficiency?
When the knee is extended and hip is flexed
43
Which of the hip flexors is also a knee flexor (2 mm)
Sartorius and TFL
44
Which of the adductors provides knee stability?
Gracilis
45
Gluteus Maximus primary role
Weight bearing stabilizer
46
Gluteus maximus is a synergist with which muscle(s) for posterior tilt
Abdominal muscles
47
The hamstring group are at risk for muscle insufficiency, why?
Because 2 joint muscles
48
Gluteus medius anterior fibre actions
flexion/IR
49
Gluteus medius middle/posterior fibre actions
-extension/ER
50
Gluteus minimus is a synergist with which muscle(s) in abduction and IR
Gluteus medius
51
Which muscle is the most efficient hip abductor when the hip is flexed
Tensor Fascia Latae
52
What are the lateral rotators
Piriformis Gemellus inferior and superior Obturator internus and externus Quadratus femoris
53
3 factors affecting the role of hip muscles
1) Line of pull and leverage 2) Muscle insufficiency 3) Weight bearing or non weight bearing (OKC or CKC)
54
Why does the line of pull of muscles change through the range of motion of the hip?
- Because the hip has a large range of motion eg: piriformis - Large muscles allow one muscle to perform multiple functions, even act as own force couple. - A result of a line of pull at one segment of a muscle working in opposition to the line of pull within a different segment of the same muscle. - Results in efficiency of movement eg: glute max
55
What is muscular sufficiency
- a 2 joint muscles ability to create greatest tension when elongated at one and shortened at other—length/tension relationship
56
Non weight bearing movements provide power/stabilty or speed
Speed
57
Weight bearing movements provide power/stability or speed
Power and stabilty
58
Reverse action of the hip flexors
Anterior tilt of pelvis on hip
59
Reverse action of the hip extensors
Posterior tilt of pelvis on hip
60
Hamstrings work most effectively as hip extensors when knee is extended or flexed
Extended
61
The strongest hip abductor is
Gluteus medius
62
Reverse action of abductors
Lateral pelvic tilt (unilateral hip hike) of pelvis on femur | - contralateral hip is pivot point
63
Reverse action of adductors
Lateral pelvic tilt (unilateral hip drop) of pelvis on hip | -contralateral hip is pivot point
64
Which group of muscles function as IR
Adductors
65
Anterior protraction and posterior retraction work as paired or uncoupled actions
Paired

Functional Anatomy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions