Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Functional Anatomy > Leg, Ankle, Foot > Flashcards

Leg, Ankle, Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Which bone in the leg bears 90% of bodyweight?

A

Tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which bone is the lateral malleolus on?

A

Fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which bone is the medial malleolus on?

A

Tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which bone sits more posterior than medial malleolus and projects further distal?

A

Fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which part of the foot are the tarsal bones located?

A

Midfoot and forefoot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What bones are located in the rearfoot?

A

Calcaneus and talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the three arches of the foot?

A
  • medial longitudinal
  • lateral longitudinal
  • transverse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T or F: There are no muscle attachments on the talus

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Talus articulations

  • inferior
  • anterior
  • medially/laterally
A
  • inferiorly, the talus articulates with the three facets of the calcaneus
  • anteriorly articulates with navicular
  • medial and lateral aspects articulate with medial and lateral malleoli
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T o F: The calcaneus is the largest and strongest bone in the foot

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Calcaneus

- articulations

A
  • cuboid anteriorly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Navicular

- articulations

A
  • head of talus posteriorly

- cuneiforms anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cuneiforms

- articulations

A
  • first, second, and third metatarsals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T or F: The cuneiforms form the medial longitudinal arch

A

False. They form the transverse arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cuboid

- articulations

A
  • calcaneus posteriorly
  • lateral cuneiform medially
  • 4th and 5th metatarsals anteriorly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What comprises the forefoot?

A

Metatarsals and phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The metatarsal shafts are shaped how?

A

Concavely arched on plantar side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

There are how many sesamoid bones just posterior to the first metatarsal head?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What tendon runs through the sesamoid bones just posterior to first metatarsal head?

A

Flexor hallicus longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which motions occur at the talocrural joint and which plane(s) do they occur in?

A
  • plantarflexion/ dorsiflexion

- sagittal plane (but actually occur in obliquity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What motions occur at the subtalar joint and what plane(s) do they occur in?

A
  • inversion/eversion
  • frontal planes
  • abduction/adduction
  • transverse planes
22
Q

Supination and pronation occur in which plane(s) of movement, in which axis, and as how many DOF?

A
  • all three planes
  • oblique, triplanar axis
  • 1 DOF
23
Q

Pronation in an OKC is a result of which three motions and occurs at which joint(s)

A
  • dorsiflexion
  • eversion
  • abduction
  • subtalar and talocrural joints
24
Q

Supination in an OKC is a result of which three motions and occurs at which joint(s)

A
  • plantar flexion
  • inversion
  • adduction
  • subtalar and talocrural joints
25
Q

Pronation in a CKC is a result of which three motions and occurs at which joint(s)

A
  • talocrural: eversion

- subtalar: plantar flexion, adduction

26
Q

Supination in a CKC is a result of which three motions and occurs at which joint(s)

A
  • talocrural: inversion

- subtalar: dorsiflexion, abduction

27
Q

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion end feel?

A

Firm

28
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint

  • joint type
  • end feel
  • close packed position
A
  • synovial
  • firm
  • full dorsiflexion
29
Q

Distal tibiofibular joint

- joint type

A
  • syndesmotic
30
Q

Tibiofibular ligaments

  • proximal
  • dorsal
A

Proximal: biceps femoris, popliteus, lateral collateral ligament, tibiofibular ligaments
Distal: interosseus membrane, anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

31
Q

Which ligament of the ankle is most likely to sprain?

A

Anterior tibiofibular ligament

32
Q

Talocrural joint

  • type of joint
  • DOF
  • oblique to which planes
A
  • Oblique hinge
  • 1 DOF
  • oblique to sagittal and frontal planes
33
Q

T or F: Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion are coupled movements

A

True

34
Q

Talocrural ligaments

A
  • tibiofibular ligaments
  • lateral collateral ligaments
    • anterior talofibular ligament
    • calcaneofibular ligament
    • posterior talofibular ligament
  • medial collateral ligament
    • anterior tibiotalar ligament
    • tibiocalcaneal ligament
    • tibionavicular ligament
    • posterior tibiotalar ligament
35
Q

Subtalar joint

  • joint type
  • DOF
  • primary motion
A
  • oblique hinge
  • 1 DOF
  • inversion/eversion
36
Q

Subtalar passive stability

A
  • 2 capsules
  • interosseous ligament
  • cervical ligament
37
Q

Transverse tarsal joint

  • which collection of joints
  • main function
A
  • collection of joints between the talus-calcaneus and the navicular and cuboid
    • talonavicular joint
    • calcaneocuboid joint
  • unlocks foot to lower longitudinal arch during pronation and locks to lift it in supination
38
Q

Transverse tarsal joint axes of motion

A
  • longitudinal (inversion/eversion)

- oblique (Ab/Ad, DF/PF)

39
Q

T or F: The transverse tarsal joints are most mobile when the two axes are perpendicular to each other

A

False. When they are parallel to each other

40
Q

When are the transverse tarsal joint axes in parallel?

A

In pronation

41
Q

Transverse tarsal joint ligaments

A 
Calcaneocuboidal
- short and long plantar ligaments
- own capsule
Talonavicular
- plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
- capsule shared with subtalar
42
Q

Transverse tarsal joint close packed position

A

full supination

43
Q

Tarsometatarsal joint

  • from which arch
  • articulations
A
  • transverse metatarsal arch

- cuboid and 3 cuneiforms articulate with the base of the 5 metatarsals

44
Q

Intermetatarsal

  • joint type
  • location
A
  • synovial

- located between the second and third and third and fourth metatarsal bases

45
Q

Metatarsalphalangeal joint

- DOF

A
  • 2 DOF (flex/ex, ab/ad)
46
Q

Interphalangeal joints

  • joint type
  • DOF
  • close packed postion
A
  • hinge joint
  • 1 DOF
  • full extension
47
Q

What muscle is the primary decelerator of plantar pronation?

A

Tibialis posterior

48
Q

Which muscles are Tom, Dick, and Harry? Where do they pass?

A
  • tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus
  • medial ankle
49
Q

Which muscle provides additional support to transverse arch?

A

Fibularis longus

50
Q

How many layers on the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

4

51
Q

When the MTP joints are ______, tension is placed on the plantar fascia

A

hyperextended

Functional Anatomy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions