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Netter's Orthopaedics > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscle originates on ASIS?

What can be trapped under ASIS? What’s this called?

A

Sartorius

LFCN can be trapped (meraglia paresthetica)

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2
Q

Which muscle originates on AIIS?

A

Rectus femoris

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3
Q

Major muscle that originates on Ischial tuberosity

A

Hamstrings

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4
Q

Structures that exit greater sciatic foramen?

A 
POPS IQ
Pudendal nerve
nerve to Obturator internus
Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
Sciatic nerve
Inferior gluteal artery
nerve to Quadratus femoris
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5
Q

How are acetabular zones defined?

A

2 lines: ASIS to center of acetabulum and its perpendicular.

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6
Q

Dangers of acetabular zones?

A

No screw in anterior zones (anterior superior has external iliac artery/vein, anterior inferior has obturator nerve, artery, and vein.
Posterior superior is safe zone, watch for sciatic nerve, superior gluteal n,a,v
Posterior inferior is secondary safe zone. Watch for sciatic nerve, inferior gluteal n,a,v, and internal pudendal n,a,v

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7
Q

Denis classification?

A

Vertical sacral fractures. Zones of sacrum. Zone 1 is lateral to foramina, zone 2 is through foramina, zone 3 is medial to foramina. Zone 3 is worst, look for nerve root injury and CES.

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8
Q

Young and Burgess classification?

A

Pelvic ring fx:
Anterior posterior (AP)
I) 2.5cm diastasis + anterior SI injury but vertically stable.
III) Complete anterior and posterior disruption, unstable
Lateral compression (LC)
I) Sacral compression + ipsilateral rami fracture
II) LC1 + iliac wing fx or posterior SIOJ injury, Vertically stable.
III) LC 2 with contralateral APC3 (windswept pelvis)

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9
Q

Bleeding in pelvic fx

A

Venous>arterial (internal pudendal a > superior gluteal a)

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10
Q

Letournel & Judet classification

A

Acetabular fx:
Elementary: posterior wall/column, anterior wall/column, transverse
Associated: post. column and post wall, transverse and post wall, T type, ant. column and post hemi transverse both columns.

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11
Q

Strongest ligament in pelvis?

A

Posterior SI ligament, vertical stability

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12
Q

Which ligament divides sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrospinous

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13
Q

Sensory distribution of iliohypogastric?

A

Suprapubic, lateral butt/thigh

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14
Q

Sensory of ilioinguinal

A

Inguinal region

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15
Q

Sensory of genitofemoral nerve

A

Scrotum/mons

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16
Q

LFCN

A

Lateral hip/thigh

17
Q

Pudendal nerve sensory distribution?

A

Perineum

18
Q

Significance of Trendelenberg sign/gait?

A

Contralateral abductor/gluteus medius dysfunction (superior gluteal n)

19
Q

Pelvic rock?

A

Push both iliac crests, motion indicates injury

20
Q

SI stress test

A

Press ASIS and iliac crests, pain could indicate SI ligament injury

21
Q

Patrick test

A

AKA FABER,

flex, abduct, externally rotate hip. SI pathologuy

22
Q

Meralgia

A

Press medial to ASIS, LFCN entrapment if pain

23
Q

What runs underneath the quadratus femoris?

A

Ascending branch of the medial circumflex artery

24
Q

What pierces psoas and lies on anterior surface of psoas muscle?

A

genitofemoral n.

25
Q

What will retractor placed behind the transverse acetabular ligament injure?

A

Obturator nerve (L2-4)

26
Q

Which nerve lies between psoas major and iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-4)

27
Q

What plexus lies on piriformus m?

A

Lumbosacral plexus

28
Q

Path of pudendal n in pelvis?

A

Exits greater sciatic foramen and enters through lesser sciatic foramen

29
Q

When does External Iliac Artery change name?

A

Changes to Femoral artery after the inguinal ligament

30
Q

Branches of Femoral artery

A 
Superficial circumflex iliac
Superficial epigastric
Superficial and deep external pudendal
Profunda femoris, which gives off:
medial circumflex femoral
lateral circumflex femoral
31
Q

Ilioinguinal approach to hip
Windows (3)
Dangers?

A

Window 1: lateral to iliopsoas and femoral nerve
Window 2: Between iliopsoas/femoral nerve and external iliac artery, lateral superior pubic ramus
Window 3: Medial to external iliac artery and spermatic cord
Dangers: Ext iliac vessels, corona mortis, femoral nerve, LFCN, inferior epigastric artery, spermatic cord, bladder

32
Q

Kocher-Langenbeck approach
What is split?
Dangers?

A

Posterior approach to hip
Gluteus maximus fascia is split in line with fibers, inferior gluteal nerve is limit to the split. Tensor fasciae latae is also split.
Dangers: Sciatic nerve, inferior gluteal artery, superior gluteal vessels and nerve. Do NOT take down quadratus femoris due to vascular risk.

Netter's Orthopaedics (7 decks)

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