Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Netter's Orthopaedics > Forearm > Flashcards

Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What runs around Lister’s tubercle?

A

EPL tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1 carpal fracture? Risks?

A

Scaphoid, risks of nonunion/AVN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which bone articulates with the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)

A

triquetrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which tendon does the trapezium have a groove for?

A

FCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Scaphoid lunate angle average?

A

47° (range 30°-60°)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Monteggia fracture. Complications?

A

Proxima ulna fracture characterized by anterior angulation of ulna and anterior dislocation of radial head
Complications: Radial nerve/PIN injury. Compartment syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Galeazzi fracture

A

Distal 1/3 radial shaft fracture with distal RU dx. May be anterior or posterior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Colles fracture

A

Distal radial head fracture with dorsal angulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Frykman classification

A 
I: extraarticular radius
II: I+ulnar styloid
III: Radiocarpal intraarticular
IV: III+ Ulnar stuloid
V: Intraarticular distal radioulnar
VI: V+ulnar styloid
VII: Intraarticular radiocarpal and distal radioulnar
VIII: VII+ ulnar styloid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common scaphoid fx location?

Complications?

A

Middle/waist
followed by proximal pole and distal pole
Complications: Osteonecrosis, nonunion, SLAC (scaphoid lunate advance collapse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mayfield classification

A 
Perilunate instability
I: Scapholunate disruption
II: lunocapitate disruption
III: Lunotriquetral disruption
IV: lunate (peri) dislocation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dislocation of lunate occurs through?

A

Space of Poirier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Torus fracture?

A

Buckle fracture of radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Greenstick fracture?

A

concave, cortex intact or buckled.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Are palmar (volar) or dorsal hand ligaments stronger?

A

palmar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Radiocarpal joint:

Superficial ligaments

A

RSC (RS and RC)
long RL
UC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Radiocarpal joint:

Deep ligaments

A

short RL
UL (help stabilize the DRUL)
ulnotriquetral (“”)
RSL (ligament of Testut)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Radiocarpal

Extrinsic - dorsal

A

Dorsal RC

superficial and deep bundles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Contents of the carpal tunnel?

A 
9 tendons:
4 FDS
4 FDP
1 FPL
1 nerve:
Median n
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Primary fxn of TFCC?

A

Stabilizes the DRUJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Borders of carpal tunnel?

A

Roof: transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum)
Floor: central carpal bones
Medial wall: pisiform and hamate
Lateral wall: trapezium and scaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Borders of ulnar tunnel/Guyon’s canal

A

Floor: TCL
Roof: volar carpal ligament
Medial wall: pisiform
Lateral wall: hook of hamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Contents of the ulnar tunnel

A

Ulnar nerve and artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

1 cause of ulnar tunnel nerve compression?

A

Ganglion cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Extensor compartments of the wrist 1-6?

A

1: APL, EPB
2: ECRL, ECRB
3: EPL
4: EDC/EI
5: EDM
6: ECU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

deQuervain’s tenosyovitis

A

pain in the first extensor compartment

27
Q

Phalen’s test

A

flex wrists for one minute, median nerve tingling=positive

28
Q

Durkan carpal compression

A

manually compress the median nerve at carpal tunnel. Reproduction=positive. most sensitive test

29
Q

Tinel test

A

tap volar wrist. tingling=CTS

30
Q

Finkelstein test

A

Flex thumb and ulnar deviate wrist. Pain in 1st dorsal compartment= de Quervain’s

31
Q

Piano Key

A

stabilize the ulnar and try to translate radius. Positive = DRUJ instability

32
Q

Watson test

A

Scaphoid shift. Push dorsally on pole of scaphoid, bring wrist from ulnar to radial deviation. Click/clunk = carpal instability

33
Q

Allen test

A

Occlude both radial and ulnar arteries, release one artery only. Absence of pinking suggests arterial compromise.

34
Q

First layer forearm flexors (superficial)

A

1: Pronator teres
2: FCR
3: PL
4: FCU

35
Q

Second layer forearm flexors (middle)

A

FDS

36
Q

Action of FDS

A

PIPJ flexion

37
Q

Action of FDP

A

DIPJ flexion

38
Q

Third layer forearm flexors (deep)

A

1: FDP
2: PQ
3: FPL

39
Q

AIN innervates?

AIN test

A 
Deep flexors (1/2 FDP, PQ, FPL)
Make the "OK" sign
40
Q

Where does ulnar nerve run in forearm

A

Between FDS and FDP, ulnar to the artery

41
Q

Where does superior branch of radial nerve run in forearm

A

Runs under brachioradialis tendon/muscle, radial to the artery

42
Q

Where does median nerve run in forearm?

A

Between FDP and FPL into carpal tunnel

43
Q

Where does PIN start? Run?

A

Starts after radial nerve pierces the supinator. Runs between APL and EPL along IO membrane.

44
Q

What innervates the capsule of extensor compartment 4?

A

PIN

45
Q

Where does the MC nerve run in arm?

A

Between biceps and brachialis, runs in subcutaneous tissues above the brachioradialis.

46
Q

Where does ulnar nerve run in forearm?

A

Exits cubital tunnel then through the FCU heads.

47
Q

Classes of TFCC tears?

A

1: traumatic (repair)
2: degenerative (conservative)

48
Q

Pronator syndrome caused by?

A

Caused by median nerve compression

49
Q

Places median nerve can be compressed proximally?

A

1: ligament of Struthers
2: Pronator teres
3: Lacertus fibrosis
4: FDS aponeurosis/arch

50
Q

PIN syndrome, compression sites (5)

A

1) Fibrous bands
2) Leash of Henry
3) ECRB
4) Arcade of Frohse (proximal supinator edge)
5) Distal edge of supinator

51
Q

Radial tunnel syndrom

A

Lat elbow pain, pain only, no weakness

52
Q

Wartenberg’s syndrome

A

Compression of superficial radial nerve at wrist (b/w ERCL and BR tendons). Pain only, no weakness

53
Q

Ulnar tunnel compression

A

Numbness/weakness in hand with atrophy. Can be zone 1 (mixed) 2 (motor) or 3(sensory)

54
Q

Dissociative Carpal Instability. 2 main types

A

Instability within a carpal row.
Two main types:
Dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) due to SL ligament disruption or scaphoid fracture/nonunion.
Volar intercalated segment instability due to lunotruquetral ligament disruption. Need RC lig injury

55
Q

Nondissociative carpal instability

A

Instability between carpal rows. Midcarpal or radiocarpal variations

56
Q

Combined carpal instability

A

Instability both within and between rows. Perilunate dislocation most common.
Grater arc injury - transosseus injury
Lesser arc injury = ligamentous injury

57
Q

Scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC), stages? spared joint?

A 
wrist arthritis due to posttraumatic scaphoid flexion deformity. 
Stage 1: radial styloid + scaphoid DJD
Stage 2: Radioscaphoid joint DJD
Stage 3: Capitolunate joint DJD
Stage 4: Capitate migration 
Radiolunate joint spared
58
Q

Kienböck’s disease, stages

A 
Osteonecrosis of the lunate from trauma or repetitive microtrauma. associated with ulnar negative variance of the wrist. 
Stage I: normal XR
Stage 2: Lunate sclerosis
Stage 3A: Lunate fragmented
Stage 3B: 3A+scaphoid flexed
Stage 4: DJD of adjacent joints
59
Q

Madelung’s deformity?

A

Deformity of distal radius with prominence of ulnar head.

60
Q

Radial club hand

A

Failure of formation of the radius causing bowing of the forearm and radial deviation of the hand.. Associated with VATER and TAR syndromes.

61
Q

Henry approach to forearm

IN plane, dangers

A

Anterior approach
IN plane proximal: brachioradials (radial n) and pronator teres (median n)
IN plane distal: brachioradials (radial n) and FCR (median n)
Dangers: radial artery, superficial radial nerve, PIN.

62
Q

Dorsal approach to wrist
IN plane?
Dangers?

A

No IN plane (all are PIN). 4h dorsal compartment in opened (innervated by sensory branch of PIN)
Dangers:
Superficial radial nerve
Radial artery

63
Q

Volar approach to wrist
IN plane?
Dangers?

A

IN plane proximally brachioradials (radial) and FCR (median n)
Distal no IN plane
Dangers:
Median nerve (palmar cut. branch, motor recurrent branch), superficial palmar arch

64
Q

Wrist arthroscopy portals (7)

A

1-2: between APL and ECRL tendons. Deep branch of radial artery, superficial radian n branches, lateral antebrachial cutaneous branches.
3-4: Between EPL and EDC. No dangers. Workhorse portal
4-5: Between EDC and EDQ. No dangers
6R: Radial side of ECU tendon. Dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar a
6U: ulnar side of EUC. Dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar a
Midcarpal radial: 1cm distal to 3-4 along border of 3rd MC. None
Midcarpal ulnar: 1cm distal to 4-5 protal in line with 4th MC. None

Netter's Orthopaedics (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions