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Gross II Final > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four functions of the pelvis?

A

Locomotion, parturition, support of abdominal viscera, protection of pelvic viscera

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2
Q

What is necessary for the pelvis to maintain to permit efficient bipedal locomotion?

A

Small enough pelvic dimensions

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3
Q

What is necessary for the pelvis to maintain to permit passage of the fetal head during parturition?

A

Large enough pelvic dimensions

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4
Q

What structures are shaped to support abdominal structures in the pelvic region?

A

Laterally flaring ilia

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5
Q

In what part of the pelvis does protection of the pelvic viscera take place?

A

True pelvis

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6
Q

What shape is the overall pelvis?

A

Basin-shaped

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7
Q

What four bones make up the pelvis?

A

Left hip bone, right hip bone, sacrum, coccyx

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8
Q

What three bones make up each hip bone?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

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9
Q

In anatomical position, what parts of the pelvis lie in the same vertical plane in the pelvic tilt?

A

ASIS and upper margin of the pubic symphysis

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10
Q

In anatomical position, what parts of the pelvis lie in the same horizontal plane in the pelvic tilt?

A

Tip of the coccyx and the upper margin of the pubic symphysis

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11
Q

The pelvic cavity projects in which direction from the abdominal cavity?

A

Posteriorly

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12
Q

What is the superior aperture of the pelvis?

A

Pelvic inlet

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13
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvic inlet?

A

Sacral promontory, sacral alae, arcuate line, pecten pubis (pectineal line), pubic crest

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14
Q

What is the continuous border formed by the boundaries of the pelvic inlet called?

A

Pelvic brim/linea terminalis

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15
Q

The area of the pelvis located above the pelvic brim is called what?

A

Greater (false) pelvis

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16
Q

The area of the pelvis located below the pelvic brim is called what?

A

Lesser (true) pelvis

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17
Q

What is the function of the greater (false) pelvis?

A

Supports abdominal viscera, point of attachment for muscles of locomotion

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18
Q

What is the pelvic cavity proper?

A

Lesser (true) pelvis

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19
Q

What does the true pelvis contain?

A

Lower part of the GI tract, urinary bladder, lower part of ureter, internal reproductive organs

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20
Q

What is the inferior aperture of the pelvis?

A

Pelvic outlet

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21
Q

What shape is the pelvic inlet?

A

Oval or heart-shaped

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22
Q

What shape is the pelvic outlet?

A

Diamond shaped

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23
Q

What are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet?

A

Pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligament, tip of the coccyx

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24
Q

What makes up the pubic arch?

A

Pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami, and ischial tuberosities

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25
Q

What covers the entire pelvic outlet?

A

Perineum

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26
Q

What characterizes an anthropoid pelvis?

A

Long A-P diameter and short transverse diameter

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27
Q

What type of pelvis is present in some males and approximately 20% of females?

A

Anthropoid

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28
Q

What is the rarest pelvis type?

A

Platypelloid

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29
Q

What characterizes a platypelloid pelvis?

A

Short A-P diameter and wide transverse diameter

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30
Q

What type of pelvis is rare in males and present in 2% of females?

A

Platypelloid

31
Q

What type of pelvis is most associated with birthing difficulties?

A

Platypelloid

32
Q

What type of pelvis has a heart-shaped inlet?

A

Android

33
Q

What type of pelvis is found in most males and approximately 30% of females?

A

Android

34
Q

What type of pelvis can be common among female athletes?

A

Android

35
Q

What type of pelvis has an ovoid or round inlet?

A

Gynecoid

36
Q

What type of pelvis is present in 50% of females and no males?

A

Gynecoid

37
Q

What type of pelvis is ideal for childbirth?

A

Gynecoid

38
Q

The pelvis of which gender is generally larger, heavier, and has more pronounced muscle markings?

A

Male

39
Q

The male inlet is usually what shape?

A

Heart-shaped

40
Q

The female inlet is usually what shape?

A

Oval

41
Q

In which gender are the pelvic cavity and outlet larger?

A

Female

42
Q

In which gender are the ilia more flaring?

A

Male

43
Q

In which gender is the subpubic angle larger?

A

Female

44
Q

In which gender is the greater sciatic notch broad and shallow?

A

Female

45
Q

In which gender is the greater sciatic notch narrow and deep?

A

Male

46
Q

In which gender is the sacrum shorter and wider?

A

Female

47
Q

The lumbosacral joint is located between what vertebral osseous features?

A

L5 and sacrum

48
Q

Which pelvis joints contain an intervertebral disc?

A

Lumbosacral joint and sacrococcygeal joint

49
Q

What is the name of the joint located between the sacrum and ilium?

A

Sacroiliac joint

50
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

A

Synovial

51
Q

What is significant of the synovial sacroiliac joint?

A

It is the least mobile synovial joint in the body

52
Q

What joint is located between the two pubic bodies?

A

Pubic symphysis

53
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

A

Fibrocartilaginous joint

54
Q

What type of disc does the pubic symphysis contain?

A

Interpubic disc

55
Q

What joint is located between the sacrum and coccyx?

A

Sacrococcygeal joint

56
Q

Which pelvic joint is often fused?

A

Sacrococcygeal joint

57
Q

Which pelvic joint may separate by 1 centimeter during pregnancy?

A

Pubic symphysis

58
Q

What hormone is responsible for making the joints of the pelvis loose during pregnancy?

A

Relaxin

59
Q

What two ligaments are involved in forming the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

60
Q

Which ligament extends from the sacrum and coccyx to the ischial tuberosity?

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

61
Q

Which ligament extends from the sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine?

A

Sacrospinous ligament

62
Q

What are the boundaries of the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Greater sciatic notch, sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments

63
Q

Where does the greater sciatic foramen lie in reference to the pelvic floor?

A

Above it

64
Q

What does the greater sciatic foramen transmit?

A

Piriformis muscle, superior and inferior gluteal vessels and nerves, internal pudendal vessels, pudendal nerve, sciatic nerve, posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh, nerve to the obturator internus muscle, nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle

65
Q

What are the boundaries of the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Lesser sciatic notch, sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments

66
Q

Where does the lesser sciatic foramen lie in reference to the pelvic floor?

A

Below it

67
Q

What does the lesser sciatic foramen transmit?

A

Tendon of the obturator internus muscle, nerve to the obturator internus muscle, internal pudendal vessels, pudendal nerve

68
Q

What is the only thing that goes through the lesser sciatic foramen and NOT the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Tendon of the obturator internus muscle

69
Q

What structures pass through both the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vessels, and nerve to obturator internus

70
Q

What can happen to the sacrum leading to impingement on structures which exit the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Sacral misalignment

71
Q

What is especially vulnerable in a sacral misalignment?

A

Sciatic nerve

72
Q

What is sciatica?

A

Pain, numbness, and weakness in the lateral posterior thigh and leg

73
Q

What are intrapelvic causes of sciatica?

A

Piriformis syndrome, compression by the fetal head during pregnancy, pelvic tumors

Gross II Final (9 decks)

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