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Repro Final > Pelvic Vessels, Nerves, and Lymphatics > Flashcards

Pelvic Vessels, Nerves, and Lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the branches of the abdominal aorta that supply pelvic structures?

A
  • ovarian arteries
  • middle (median) sacral artery
  • common iliac arteries
  • inferior mesenteric artery
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2
Q

What do the ovarian arteries supply?

A

ovaries

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3
Q

What does the middle (median) sacral artery supply?

A

lower lumbar vertebrae
sacrum
coccyx

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4
Q

What do the common iliac arteries bifurcate into? Where?

A

external and internal iliac arteries at L5-S1

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5
Q

What does the external iliac artery become?

A

femoral a

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6
Q

What does the internal iliac artery supply?

A

pelvic structures and peritoneum

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7
Q

What is the terminal branch of the IMA?

A

superior rectal A

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8
Q

What are the branches of the superior rectal A supplying?

A

both sides of the rectum as far inferiorly as the internal anal sphincter

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9
Q

What are branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A
  • lateral sacral arteries
  • iliolumbar artery
  • superior gluteal artery
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10
Q

What do the lateral sacral arteries supply?

A

piriformis then enter the anterior sacral formina to supply the structures of the sacral canal. then exits the posterior sacral foramina to supply the erector spinae muscles and skin posterior to the sacrum

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11
Q

What does the iliolumbar artery go between?

A

obturator N and lumbosacral trunk

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12
Q

What does the illiolumbar A supply?

A

psoas major, iliacus, and quadratus lumborum plus cauda equina in the vertebral canal

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13
Q

What does the superior gluteal artery exit?

A

greater sciatic foramen

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14
Q

What does the superior gluteal artery supply?

A

piriformis, gluteal muscles, and tensor fascia lata

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15
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

A
  • umbilical artery
  • superior vesical arteries
  • inferior vesical artery (males)
  • middle rectal artery
  • obturator artery
  • internal pudendal artery
  • inferior gluteal artery
  • uterine artery
  • vaginal artery
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16
Q

What does the umbilical artery and superior vesical artery supply?

A

urinary bladder

-originate from same trunk

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17
Q

Which artery’s distal portion is obliterated after birth?

A

umbilical artery

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18
Q

What does the inferior vesical artery supply?

A

only in males

-urinary bladder, seminal vesicle, prostate, and ureter

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19
Q

What does the middle rectal artery supply?

A

rectum, prostate, seminal vescile in males, and rectum and vagina in females

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20
Q

What does the obturator artery supply?

A

pelvic muscles, head of femur then leaves pelvic cavity via the obturator canal to the medial thigh

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21
Q

What does the internal pudendal artery supply?

A

all perineal structures

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22
Q

What is the path of the internal pudendal artery?

A

exits the pelvis via greater sciatic foramen, loops around the spine of the ischium to enter the perineum via lesser sciatic foramen

23
Q

What does the inferior gluteal artery supply?

A

piriformis, pelvic diaphragm, quadratus femoris, gluteus maximus, and sciatic nerve

24
Q

What does the uterine artery supply?

-anastamosis

A

uterus and superior vagina and ligaments of the uterus

-anastamoses with the ovarian artery

25
Q

Whta does the vaginal artery supply?

A

anterior and posterior vaginal surfaces

26
Q

true or false: each pelvic organ has a venous plexus which freely communicates with venous plexuses of other organs

A

true

27
Q

Do the venous plexuses of the pelvic organs have valves?

A

no

28
Q

What are the connections of the pelvic venous plexuses with vertebral venous plexuses?

A

Batson’s veins

29
Q

What do the pelvic venous plexuses drain into?

A

internal iliac veins, inferior mesenteric vein, and lateral sacral veins

30
Q

Where do the internal iliac veins form in relationship to the greater sciatic foramen?
-internal iliac arteries

A

superior

lie posterior to internal iliac arteries

31
Q

Where do the internal and external iliac veins merge?

A

L4/L5 IV disc to form inferior vena cava

32
Q

What vessels are included in pelvic veins?

A
  • lateral sacral veins anastamose with internal vertebral plexus
  • superior rectal vein
  • superior gluteal veins
  • testicular veins
33
Q

What veins provide a metastatic pathway for prostatic or ovarian cancer cells to the vertebrae or cranial cavity?

A

lateral sacral veins anastamosing with internal vertebral plexus to inferior or superior vena cava

34
Q

What does the superior rectal vein drain?

What is it a tributary to?

A

drains the rectum

tributary to the inferior mesenteric vein

35
Q

What are the superior gluteal veins tributaries to?

A

largest tributaries to internal iliac veins

36
Q

What is the path of the testicular veins?

A

exit deep inguinal ring and transverse the pelvic cavity to travel to their terminations

37
Q

What are the 4 groups of lymph nodes associated with the pelvic viscera?

A
  • external iliac lymph nodes
  • internal iliac lymph nodes
  • sacral lymph nodes
  • common iliac lymph nodes
38
Q

What do the external iliac lymph nodes receive lymph from? Drain to?

A

inguinal nodes and superior parts of middle to anterior pelvic organs
drain to common iliac nodes

39
Q

What do the internal iliac lymph nodes receive lymph from? Drain to?

A

lymph from inferior pelvic viscera, deep perineum and the gluteal region
-drain to common iliac nodes

40
Q

What do the sacral lymph nodes receive lymph from? Drain to?

A

postero-inferior pelvic viscera

-drain to internal or common iliac nodes

41
Q

What do the common iliac nodes receive lymph from? Drain to?

A
  • from external iliac, internal iliac, and sacral lymph nodes
  • drain to lumbar lymph nodes
42
Q

What are pelvic structures innervated by?

A
  • sacral and coccygeal spinal nerves (S1-S5, Co)

- pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

43
Q

Where is the sacral plexus located?

A

on the posterlateral wall of the pelvic cavity

44
Q

What are the branches of the sacral plexus which exit the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen?

A
  • sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
  • pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
  • superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
  • inferior gluteal nerve (L4-S2)
45
Q

What is the path of the sciatic nerve?

-supply

A

inferior to piriformis to enter gluteal region. descends in posterior thigh to supply hamstring muscles, leg, and foot

46
Q

What is the path of the pudendal nerve?

-supply

A

enters the peritoneum via the lesser sciatic formaen and is contained in the pudendal canal
-supplies all perineal structures

47
Q

What is the path of the superior gluteal nerve?

-supplies

A

enters gluteal region

gluteus mediaus and gluteus minimus

48
Q

What is the path of the inferior gluteal nerve?

-supplies

A

enters gluteal region

gluteus maximus

49
Q

What is the coccygeal plexus?

  • nerves
  • location
  • supplies
  • gives rise to
A
  • anterior rami of S4-S5
  • pelvic surface of the coccygeus muscle
  • supplies coccygeus, part of levator ani and sacrococcygeal joint
  • anococcygeal nerves arise from plexus
50
Q

what does the anococcygeal nerves supply?

A

skin between the tip of the coccyx and anus

51
Q

hypogastric plexus

  • type of nerves
  • supplies
  • what passes through
A
  • autonomic nerves
  • pelvis viscera
  • visceral afferent fibers pass through
52
Q

pelvic splanchnic nerves

  • type of nerve
  • supplies
A
  • parasymptathetic innervation

- pelvic viscera including rectum and proximal anal canal (internal anal sphincter)

53
Q

pelvic nerve plexus

  • branches from
  • supplies
A
  • branches from inferior hypogastric plexus
  • lateral rectum, inferolateral urinary bladder (both sexes)
  • prostate and seminal vesicles (male), erictile tissues in penis
  • cervix of uterus and lateral fornicles of the vagina in females
54
Q

What nerves produce an erection?

A

pelvic nerve plexus parasympathetic fibers in the prostatic plexus

Repro Final (9 decks)

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