Pelvic Limb O, I, A Flashcards
Biceps Femoris
O: Sacrotuberous Ligament and Ischiatic tuberosity
I: Patella; Patellar ligament; cranial border of tibia via fascia lata and crural fascia; calcanei via calcanean tendon
A: Extend hip and hock; can either extend (WB) or flex (NWB) the stifle depending on position of limb
Where is the popliteal lymph node located?
Caudal to the biceps femoris.
Semimembranosus
O: Ischiatic tuberosity
I: Distal and medial aspect of the caudal femur; medial condyle of the tibia
A: Extend hip; extend (WB) or flex (NWB) stifle depending on limb position
*Has 2 bellies
Pectineus
O: Pubis (pre-pubic tendon and iliopubic eminence)
I: Distal end of the caudiomedial aspect of the femur (medial lip of caudal rough surface)
A: Adduct limb
Gracilis
O: Pelvis symphysis via symphysial tendon
I: Cranial border of tibia; tuber calcanei via common calcanean tendon
A: Adduct limb; flex stifle; extend hip and hock
Sartorius
O: Ilium (crest of ilium and thoracolumbar fascia; ventral border of ilium)
I: Patella and cranial border of tibia
A: Flex hip; extend stifle (WB); flex stifle (NWB)
** Related to deep inguinal lymph nodes at its cranial border
Adductor
O: Pelvic Symphysis via symphysial tendon; ventral surface of pubis and ischium
I: Caudolateral aspect of femur (entire lateral lip of caudal rough surface of femur)
A: Adduct limb; extend hip
Tensor Fascia Latae
O: Tuber coxae; aponeurosis of middle gluteal muscle
I: Fascia lata (lateral femoral fascia)
A: Tense fascia lata; flex hip; extend stifle
**Has cranial and caudal parts; cranial is continuous with the superficial layer of the fascia lata, caudal is continuous with deep layer of fascia lata
**Cranial border of the cranial part of this muscle is related to the subiliac lymph nodes
Superficial Gluteal
O: Sacrotuberous ligament; deep gluteal fascia
I: Third trochanter of the femur
A: Extend hip; abduct limb
Middle Gluteal
O: Crest and gluteal surface of the ilium
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
A: Extend hip; abduct hip; rotate pelvic limb medially
**Piriformis muscle is considered part of middle gluteal
Deep Gluteal
O: Body of Ilium; ischiatic spine
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
A: Extend hip; abduct hip; rotate pelvic limb medially
Internal Obturator
O: Dorsal surface of the ischium and pubis; dorsal pelvis symphysis
I: Trochanteric fossa of the femur
A: Rotate pelvic limb laterally
** Tendon of internal obturator and the subtendinous bursa
Gamelli
O: Lateral surface of the ischium; ventral to the lesser ischiatic notch
I: Trochanteric fossa of the femur
A: Rotate pelvis limb laterally
External Obturator
O: Ventral surface of the pubis and ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of the femur
A: Rotate pelvic limb laterally
*Fan shaped
Quadratus Femoris
O: Ventral surface of caudal ischium
I: Intertrochanteric crest of the femur
A: Rotate pelvic limb laterally
List the 4 parts of the Quadriceps Femoris
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Rectus Femoris
O: Ilium
I: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
A: Flex hip, extend stifle
Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius
O: Proximal aspect of femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
A: Extend stifle
Iliopsas
O: Ventral aspect of the lumbar vertebrae; cranioventral ilium
I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
A: Flex hip
** Muscle that goes up into the abdomen - formed by iliacus and the psoas major
Cranial Tibial
O: Proximal and lateral aspect of the tibia near the extensor groove
I: Proximal plantar surface of metatarsals I and II
A: Flex tarsus; rotate paw laterally
- tendon of this muscle held down by crural extensor retinaculum (or proximal extensor retinaculum in horse)
Long Digital Extensor
O: Extensor fossa of femur
I: Extensor processes of distal phalanges of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5
A: Extend digits; flex tarsus
** Tendon held down by crural and tarsal extensor retinacula
Fibularis Longus
O: Lateral collateral ligament; proximal aspect of the tibia and fibula
I: Tarsal bone IV; plantar aspect of proximal ends of metatarsals
A: Flex tarsus; rotate paw medially (pronation)
**AKA peroneus longus
Gastrocnemius
O: Medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur
I: Tuber calcanei (Switches with SDF at this position)
A: Extend tarsus; flex stifle
** Has 2 heads - lateral and medial - each contain a sesamoid bone (Fabellae sesamoid bones)
Superficial Digital Flexor
O: Lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur (in common with lateral head of the gastrocnemius)
I: Tuber calcanei; plantar aspect of the base of the middle phalanx of digits 2, 3, 4, and 5
A: Flex stifle; extend tarsus (hock); flex digits
**Tendon of SDF is deep to the gastrocnemius and then switches to become superficial; tendon of SDF is superficial to the DDF tendon and then switches to deep at the flexor manica; intertendinous calcaneon bursa and subcutaneous calcanean bursa
What are the 2 heads of the Deep Digital Flexor
Lateral Digital Flexor
Medial Digital Flexor
Deep Digital Flexor
O: Proximal tibia and fibula and the adjacent interosseous membrane between the two
I: Plantar aspect of the base of distal phalanx of digits 1-5
A: Flex digits; extend tarsus
Popliteus
O: Lateral condyle of the femur
I: Proximal and caudomedial aspect of the tibia
A: Flex stifle; rotate leg (crus) medially
**Popliteal sesamoid bone - lymph node also in this area
Semitendinosus
O: Ischiatic Tuberosity
I: Medial Surface of Tibial Body, Tuber Calcanei via Common Calcanean Tendon.
A: Extend hip and hock; flex stifle
